hill; height; knoll; bonus points awarded to the winner at the end of a game
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to cross over; to cross; to pass through; to exceed; to surpass; to be more (than)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
whistle (sound made with the lips)
while; even though; despite
sky; the air; weather; far-off place; distant place; state of mind; feeling
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to become clear (water, air, etc.); to become transparent; to resonate clearly (e.g. voice); to become serene; to become tranquil; to pronounce as an unvoiced sound
farm (livestock); stock farm; ranch; pasture; meadow; grazing land
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
father; dad; husband; you; he
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
these days; nowadays; now; at present; recently; lately
to memorize; to memorise; to learn; to pick up; to feel; to think
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
certain; sure; doubtless; I have no doubt; You can depend on it; It's a safe bet
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to drive away; to turn away; to send away; to repel; to repulse
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very