here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
establishment (of a business); founding
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
long-established shop; shop of long standing; old shop
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
company president; manager; director
house; home; one's house; one's home; one's husband
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
please (give me); please (do for me)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
(a) little; somewhat; somehow
indeed; really; very; extremely; absolutely; certainly
ghost; specter; spectre; apparition; phantom
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to live (of humans); to reside; to inhabit; to dwell; to abide
in that way; thus; so; so?
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
easy; simple; there's no way that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
bird; bird meat (esp. chicken meat); fowl; poultry
flapping sound (of wings); fluttering; hum (of insects); whizz (of a flying arrow); whoosh
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
crow (Corvus spp.); raven
cry (esp. animal); roar; chirp; tweet; bark; whine
now; the present time; just now; another; more
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
chime; bell (e.g. doorbell)
to come; to go; to be (somewhere); to be (doing)
please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
sorry; excuse me; thank you
power outage; electricity outage; blackout; failure of electricity supply
pleasant smell; aroma; fragrance; pleasant-smelling vegetation
discourtesy; impoliteness; excuse me; goodbye; to leave; to be rude