indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
head; hair (on one's head); mind; brains; leader; chief; top
funny; amusing; strange; odd; wrong; unsuitable
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
astonishment; amazement; surprise; fright; shock
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
one (esp. of two); the other; on the one hand; on the other hand; whereas; although
educational institution; school; academy; campus
cartoon; comic; comic strip; manga
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to draw; to paint; to depict; to describe; to picture in one's mind; to imagine
on the occasion of; at the time of
classroom; lecture room; department (in a university); class; lessons; school (for a particular discipline)
bothersome; tiresome; bother to do
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
breakthrough (research, etc.); breach; opening
discovery; detection; finding
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
work (film, book); production; creation; turning (something) out
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to begin; to start; to happen (again); to begin (anew); to date (from); to originate (in)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
(approximate) time; around; suitable time (or condition); time of year; season
completion; perfection; accomplishment
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
judgement; judgment; refereeing; umpiring; judgement (of God); referee
to descend; to go down; to be handed down (of an order, judgment, etc.); to pass (of time); to surrender; to capitulate; to be less than
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
work (e.g. book, film, painting, composition); piece; production; opus
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
wonderful; splendid; magnificent; exceeding; incredible; remarkable
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial