rather; better; instead; if anything
lukewarm; tepid; lenient; (arch.) slow; (arch.) stupid
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
to give; to confer; to bestow; to kindly do for one; to oblige; to favour
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
assessment; rating; grade; evaluation
entering the service of a daimyo
order (from one's superior); command; what you say; (someone's) words
to make a decision; to draw a conclusion; to give a judgement; to hand down a verdict; to let go down; to lower; to do oneself
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
basis; foundation; grounds; authority
impostor; imposter; pretender; liar
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to say; to be called; to do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
originally; primarily; essentially; intrinsically; proper; rightful
horse; horse racing; promoted bishop
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus)
magatama; comma-shaped bead from prehistoric Japan, usually made of jade
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
bravery; courage; heroism
white-naped crane (Grus vipio)