indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
obedient; meek; honest; frank; straight (e.g. hair); without peculiarity
to live; to exist; to make a living; to subsist; to be in effect; to be in use
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
liking; being fond of; liking (romantically); being in love with; faddism; eccentricity
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
order; discipline; regularity; system; method
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
face; official stance; public position or attitude (as opposed to private thoughts); ceremony for the erection of the framework of a house
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
one; for one thing; only; (not) even; just (e.g. "just try it"); some kind of; one type of
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
thought; imagination; mind; desire; wish; love
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to accept; to receive; to agree
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
fortress (surrounded by a wall, moat, etc.)
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (so) what (are you trying to say)?; what (do you mean)?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
possibility; chance; potential; potentiality; possibility (modal property of a proposition containing no logical contradiction)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
new rice field; newly developed rice field; wasteland or marshland newly reclaimed as a rice field (Edo period)
Hayato; ethnic group which lived in Kyūshū in ancient times and opposed the state of Yamato; man from Kagoshima
to kill; to slay; to suppress; to block; to suppress (a voice, feelings, etc.); to hold back
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
hateful; detestable; abominable; amazing; fantastic; admirable
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
to herd; to drive; to corner; to force someone into doing; to go hard; to push yourself
certain; sure; definite; reliable; sound; solid