indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
family; members of a family
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
next; following; subsequent; stage; station
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
miscarriage; (spontaneous) abortion; abortive birth
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
good-natured person; good person; (one's) lover; boyfriend; girlfriend
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
abuse; ill-treatment; maltreatment; mistreatment; cruelty
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
don't you think?; indicates question
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
mama; mamma; mom; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
uncle; old man; mister; manybar goatfish (Parupeneus multifasciatus)
which way; which direction; which one (esp. of two alternatives); who
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
liked; well-liked; in love (with); loved; faddism; eccentricity
round; tranquil; contentedly at ease
happy; glad; pleased; joyful; delightful; gratifying
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
important; significant; precious; valuable; careful
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
to go out and away; to leave
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen