business; task; use; purpose; for the use of ...; used for ...
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
drawing up (e.g. legal document, contract, will, etc.); preparing; writing; framing; making; producing
request; commission; entrusting (with a matter); dependence; reliance
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
counter for leaves, pieces of paper, etc.; (arch.) counter for boats
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
but; however; provided that
to write; to compose; to pen; to draw; to paint
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
kind intention; kind thought
party (political); person who is fond of; fan of
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
blood; blood; ancestry; (the) blood; feelings
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
any more; any further; any better; any longer
appropriate; adequate; suitable; fitting; worthy
have to (verb); must (verb); is indispensable; absolutely necessary
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
debate between party leaders (in the Japanese Diet)
manuscript; copy; draft; notes; contribution
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to incorporate; to include; to fill (a vessel) with
at once; immediately; right now
straight (ahead); direct; upright; straightforward; honest; frank
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
place; location; room; space; basho; wrestling tournament
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
limit; limits; degree; extent; the end; the last; as long as ...