orchid; Netherlands; Holland
lily of the valley (Convallaria keiskei)
rangaku; study of Western knowledge through the Dutch language during the Edo period
moth orchid (Phalaenopsis aphrodite)
doctor practising Western medicine (during the Edo period)
scholar of Western sciences (by means of the Dutch language; during the Edo period); rangaku scholar
agave; maguey; American aloe; century plant (Agave americana)
noble orchid (Cymbidium goeringii)
Western medicine (as introduced to Japan by the Dutch during the Edo period)
the United Kingdom and the Netherlands; British-Dutch; England
wind orchid (Vanda falcata); samurai orchid
cast iron plant (Aspidistra elatior); baran; green plastic garnish (orig. made from leaves) used in lunch boxes, with sushi, etc.
Bletilla striata (purple variety of orchid)
African lily (Agapanthus africanus)
ranchu; variety of goldfish
Japan and the Netherlands; Japanese-Dutch
clivia (esp. drooping clivia, Clivia nobilis); Kaffir lily (Clivia miniata)
reishi mushroom and thoroughwort; fragrant plants; talented; virtuous
orchid of Western origin; tropical orchid
isolated place; hermitage
Dutch territory; Dutch possession
Dutch-Japanese (dictionary, translation, etc.)
curve-leaf yucca (Yucca recurvifolia)
Anglo-Dutch Wars (1652-1654, 1665-1667, 1672-1674)
golden orchid (Cephalanthera falcata); kinran; very close friendship
Akita ranga; short-lived school of Western-style painting that originated in the Akita feudal domain in the mid Edo period
Oriental orchid; orchid of Oriental origin
Western-inspired art (Edo period); oil painting
boy's school uniform (usu. a black jacket with a stand-up collar and loose trousers)
street light shaped as a lily-of-the-valley
Muroran Local Meteorological Observatory
trade talks between Japan and Dutch Indonesia (1934-37, 1940-41)
Spanish dagger; palm lily; Yucca Gloriosa
variegated Spanish violet; Yucca Aloifolia
St Bernard's lily (Chlorophytum comosum); ribbon plant; spider plant
Yucca smalliana (species of yucca)
watercress (Nasturtium officinale)
whisk fern (Psilotum nudum)
Dactylostalix ringens (species of orchid); rigid Dactylostalix
rosebay (Epilobium angustifolium); rosebay willowherb; great willowherb; fireweed
Metanarthecium luteoviride (species of flowering plant)
big blue lilyturf (Liriope muscari); lilyturf; liriope; border grass; monkey grass
Thrixspermum japonicum (species of orchid)
black crowberry (Empetrum nigrum)
lawn orchid; soldier's orchid (Zeuxine strateumatica)
Ephippianthus schmidtii (species of orchid)
Haplopteris flexuosa (species of shoestring fern)
Lecanorchis japonica (species of saprophytic orchid)
Eleorchis japonica (species of orchid)
leafy goodyera (Goodyera foliosa)
bamboo orchid (Arundina graminifolia)
Myrmechis japonica (species of orchid)
Phalaenopsis japonica (species of orchid)
Microtis unifolia (species of orchid)
Oreorchis patens (species of orchid)
Cephalanthera longibracteata (species of orchid)
Philippine ground orchid (Spathoglottis plicata); Philippine orchid; large purple orchid
Cremastra appendiculata (species of orchid)
Linaria japonica (species of toadflax)
elephant's foot (Beaucarnea recurvata); ponytail palm
Epipactis papillosa (species of orchid)
fairy slipper (Calypso bulbosa, esp. Calypso bulbosa var. speciosa)
calla lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica)
Liriope minor (flowering plant in the Asparagaceae family)
Ponerorchis graminifolia (Orchis graminifolia)
Eleorchis japonica (species of orchid)
Iceland moss (Cetraria islandica); Iceland lichen
castor oil plant (Ricinus communis)
Taeniophyllum glandulosum (species of orchid)
Epipactis papillosa (species of orchid)
Bulbophyllum drymoglossum (species of orchid)
Cymbidium macrorhizon (species of orchid)
Japanese stream orchid (Epipactis thunbergii)
Yoania japonica (species of orchid); Lycoris traubii (species of spider lily)
Oberonia japonica (species of fairy orchid)