change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to influence
strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; reinforcement
to deceive; to cheat; to falsify; to misrepresent; to evade (a question, taxes, etc.); to dodge
change to ...; becoming ...; making into ...; -ization; -ification
evolution; evolution; becoming more advanced; progress
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
purification; cleanup (e.g. of politics); purge
deterioration; getting worse; worsening; aggravation; degeneration; corruption
specialization; specialisation
disabling; invalidation; nullification; vitiation
to poke fun at; to make fun of; to send up
digestion (of food); digestion (of information); assimilation; consumption; absorption; (arch.) losing one's form and turning into something else
petrifaction; petrification; mineralization; mineralisation; lithification; fossilization
assimilation; absorption; adaptation; assimilation; anabolism; assimilation (phonology)
to change (into); to turn (into); to transform (into); to influence
deterioration (in quality, performance, etc.); degradation; worsening; (visible) aging; becoming unattractive (due to aging)
substantiation; materialization; materialisation; (specific to object language classes) instantiation
embodiment; realization; materialization
stimulation (e.g. of an economy); revitalization (e.g. of a town); rejuvenation; activation
innumerable changes; infinite variety
fossil; petrifaction; petrification; fossilization
hardening; vulcanization; hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.); stiffening; upturn (in the market); firming up
justification; rationalization
cheating; deception; trickery; manipulation; juggling; falsifying
weathering; fading (of memories); efflorescence
beautification; cleaning up; tidiying; glorification; idealization; romanticizing
influence (on someone); inspiration
making (a manga, video game, etc.) into an animated film or TV series; anime adaptation
change of heart; change of mind; change in mental state
change; transformation; inversion
intensification; aggravation
carbonization; carbonisation
making practical; making useful; implementing
optimization; optimisation
ageing; aging; senile deterioration
mechanization; mechanisation
deterioration; becoming decrepit; becoming worn out
visualization (of data, results, etc.); visualisation; making visible (something that was previously unseen); recording (a police interrogation)
verbalization; putting into words
calming down; quieting down
degeneration; retrogression; atrophy; regression (e.g. of society); deterioration; degeneration
personification; anthropomorphization
specialized; specialised; boutique
emergence (of insects); eclosion; growing wings
softening; softening (of attitude); mollification; weakening (of the market); blanching (of vegetables; by depriving them of light)
miniaturization; miniaturisation; downsizing
making efficient; optimization
to make progress; to develop; to evolve (method, style, etc.)
initialization (of a variable); initialisation; formatting (a disk); initialization; initialization (of a device); (factory) reset
specialization; specialisation; differentiation
encryption; encoding; encipherment
becoming active; increase in activity
deification; apotheosis; wondrous change; great moral influence
breaking ball (pitch); curve ball; screwball
vaporization; vaporisation; evaporation
chemical reaction; generation of an unexpected result from combining things
quantification; expressing in numerical form; conversion to numerical form
food culture; dietary culture; cuisine
modernization; modernisation
falling into madness; losing one's sanity; being consumed by frenzy; entering a berserk state (in fiction, games, etc)
novelizing; novelising; adapting a movie, game, etc. into a book
commercialization; commodification; turning (something) into a product
making (a book, etc.) into a film; adapting for the screen
regularization; regularisation; getting up speed; proceeding at full tilt
coming to a head; coming to the surface; becoming an issue; breaking
creation; nature; the Universe
suppuration; festering; purulence; pyosis; coming to a head; infection
chemical substance; chemical
generalization; generalisation; popularization; popularisation
appropriation; misappropriation; making one's own
person of culture; cultured person
cultural assets; cultural property
embodiment; materialization; actualization; realization; taking form; taking shape
organization; organisation; systematization; systematisation
toughened glass; tempered glass
indigestion; dyspepsia; inability to understand; lacking comprehension; half-baked knowledge
democratization; democratisation
becoming a mere shell; becoming a dead letter; losing (one's) substance; being reduced to a formality
naturalization; naturalisation
declining birth rate; decline in the number of children; sub-replacement fertility
purification; refining; simplification
degradation over time; time-related deterioration
digitization; digitalization
subdivision; segmentation; fractionalization; fragmentation
being actualized; becoming apparent; becoming tangible; surfacing; manifesting
greening (i.e. planting to increase greenery); tree planting; afforestation
different culture; foreign culture
education; enlightenment; civilization; civilisation; indoctrination
normalization; normalisation
stabilization; stabilisation
becoming dull; slowing down
rationalization; making (something) conform to reason; rationalization (of a company, industry, etc.); rationalisation; rationalization
increase in speed; acceleration
systematization; systematisation; organization; organisation
evolutionary theory; theory of evolution
sanctification; consecration
male-to-female gender swap (in fan art and fan fiction)
visualization; visualisation
becoming more serious or severe; aggravation; intensification
increasing in size; becoming bigger; enlargement
stipulation; stating clearly; documenting in writing; stating explicitly
electronization; digitization; computerization
imperial influence; assimilation of new territory
fortifying; fortification
bogging down; dragging on; turning into a quagmire; becoming mired in a mess
civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation)
benighted lands outside of imperial influence
going feral (of a species); reverting to wild; escape
throwaway match (i.e. one played after a tournament has already been decided); dead rubber
civilization; civilisation; enlightenment
important cultural property; important cultural asset
unification; centralization; integration; drawing things together; working out a common policy; consolidation
depopulation; decrease in population
turning (a comic, novel, etc.) into a serialized TV-show; dramatization
popularization; popularisation
chemical; chemical agent; chemicals
digitization; digital transformation
idealization; idealisation
clarification; definition
maximization; maximisation
changing into cash; encashment; cashing
live-action adaptation (of a manga, animated film, etc.)
feminization; feminisation
aging (of a population); ageing
carbon monoxide poisoning
normalization (of a social problem, of a situation, etc.)
industrialization; industrialisation; establishing a production system; putting into production
radicalization; radicalisation; intensification; aggravation; sharpening (e.g. of an image); narrowing (of a peak)
aggravation (of an illness); exacerbation; worsening
modelling (e.g. a system, etc.)
chloridation; salification; chloride
colonization; colonisation
cultural exchange; cross-cultural communication; contacts between different cultures
formalization; formalisation
mass culture; pop culture; popular culture; culture of the people (as opposed to the elite)
computerization; computerisation
averaging; levelling (off); equalization; standardization; balance
liberalization; liberalisation; freeing
globalization; globalisation
making obligatory; making compulsory
phase change; state change; transformation
hydrogen sulphide; hydrogen sulfide; sulphuretted hydrogen; sulfuretted hydrogen
homogenization; homogenisation
legalization; legalisation
major change; major transformation
declining birth rate and aging population
to turn into a state of feverish mood
getting stuck in a rut; becoming stereotyped
liquefaction; fluidification
destabilization; destabilisation
synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre
enabling; activation; validation
Japanization; Japanisation; Japanification
evolved form; developed form
caricaturing; turning a movie, novel, etc. into a manga; making a comic version of something
minimization; minimisation
urbanization; urbanisation
reduction (in size); shrinking; minimization; trivializing (an issue); making light of; playing down
undigested (food); unfulfilled (orders); unused (funds)
vassalization; vassalisation
chemical experiment; chemistry experiment
systematisation; systematization
restoration; return to health
bleaching; whitening; chlorosis; albinism
becoming cancerous; canceration
internationalization; internationalisation
popularization; popularisation
undifferentiated; unspecialized
Sovietize; Sovietise; turning red; become communistic
sanctification; consecration
conceptualization; conceptualisation
standardization; standardisation
turning a movie, comic, etc. into a (computer) game; gamification
standardization; manualization; compiling into a manual; formalization
chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser
obsolescence; becoming obsolete (of a product, etc.)
Agency for Cultural Affairs
moral culture; spiritual culture; culture born through the workings of the human mind (science, religion, philosophy, religion, art, etc.)
arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries; loss of flexibility (in thinking, systems, etc.); inflexibility; institutional rigidity
privatization; privatisation
becoming aware (of); becoming conscious (of); realization; conscientization; (formation of) critical consciousness
novelization; turning into a novel
symbolization; coding; encoding
semi-European-style house; type of Japanese house incorporating Western elements that was made popular in the 1920s and 1930s
making hollow; making meaningless; deindustrialization; deindustrialisation
nationalization; nationalisation
chemistry laboratory; chemical laboratory
standardization; standardisation; normalization (e.g. in maths)
quantization; quantisation; quantizing
specialization; specialisation
increased or beefed up security
institutionalization (of a practice); systematization; systematic implementation
internalization; internalisation
democratic movement; movement towards democracy
strengthening of relations
formulation; formularization; formularisation
chemical seasoning (esp. monosodium glutamate)
bipolarization; bipolarisation
full automation; becoming unmanned; making (something) unmanned
vaporization heat; vaporisation heat
moving into the black; becoming profitable
naturalized citizen; naturalised citizen; immigrant to ancient Japan from China or Korea
increase in sophistication; enhancement of functionality; increase in speed; upgrading
turning into a brand; branding
leveling; levelling; equalization; alleviation (e.g. of unemployment); harmonization
aging process; ageing process
countermeasures to the falling birthrate
labor saving; labour saving
unification; centralization; centralisation
masculinization; virilization
making (information) into a database; creating a database (from information); entering into a database
animalization; animalisation
(China's) Cultural Revolution (1966-76)
sulfuration; sulphuration
industrialization; industrialisation; commercialization
increase in the average age of marriage
synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre
Culture Day (national holiday; November 3)
chemical plant; chemical factory; chemical works
aging society; ageing society
socialization; socialisation
theatrical adaptation; stage adaptation; adapting for the theatre (theater)
water-purification tank; septic tank
homogenization; homogenisation
Kōka era (1844.12.2-1848.2.28)
improvement; amelioration
Taika era (645.6.19-650.2.15)
impersonation; personification
standardization; standardisation
standardization; uniformalization
stylization; conventionalization; standardization; formalization
Institute of Physical and Chemical Research
objectivization; viewing objectively
problematization; making an issue of (something); becoming a problem; becoming an issue
cultural science (Rickert's "Kulturwissenschaft")
becoming part of the standard inventory (of a product); becoming popular
facilitation; smoothing; streamlining
incorporation; conversion to a corporation; privatization (of a previously public body)
centralization of power; centralisation of power
individualization; individualisation
hardener; curative agent; stiffening agent
a sense of release (as if one had wings and were riding on air)
change over the years; aging; ageing; secular change
tightening of regulations
commercialization; commercialisation
crystallization; crystallisation
conversion to fiber optics
aluminum oxide (Al2O3); aluminium oxide; alumina
turning into a slum; becoming run-down; slumism; slumification
vulgarization; vulgarisation; secularization; secularisation; popularization; popularisation
classifying in patterns; typification
refinement; purification; gentle persuasion; winning over; influence
stratification; hierarchization; layering; tiering
visualization; rendering visible (e.g. a problem); digitization
country with a high level of culture
conversion to sugar; saccharification
popularization; popularisation
oxidizing agent; oxidant; oxidizer
desalination; desalinization; desalting
plotting (of maps); mapping; compilation
Europeanization; Europeanisation; Westernization; Westernisation
magnetization; magnetisation
digestive capacity; digestive power; digestive strength
self-organization; self-organisation
liquefied natural gas; LNG
industrialization; industrialisation
toxification; turning toxic; turning poisonous
conservative swing; drift to the right; rightward trend
securitization; securitisation
toughening the law; making the law stricter
dissimilation; catabolism; dissimilation (phonology); defamiliarization (artistic technique); ostranenie
female-to-male gender swap (in fan art and fan fiction)
westernization; westernisation
codification (into rules); moving to a rule system; regulation
high molecular compound; high polymer
variation; variant pattern
multiple chemical sensitivity; MCS
secularization; secularisation; popularization; popularisation
all-electric (e.g. heating)
cultural facilities (art galleries, tea rooms, etc.)
vinyl chloride; chloroethylene
putting online (services, administrative functions, etc.); going online; digitalization; digitization
many cultures; multicultural
tangible cultural properties
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ALS; Lou Gehrig's disease
virtualization; virtualisation
duplication; to make redundant
creating a mystery; mystification
Ministry of Culture (e.g. in China)
equalization; equalisation
becoming the objective; setting as a goal
using up one's paid vacation days; using up one's holiday entitlement
changing; becoming; death
slimming down; scaling back; thinning; streamlining; retrenchment
modernization; modernisation
legislating; legislation; passage (of a bill) into law
chemical symbols (for the elements)
ideation; process of forming and relating ideas; to ideate
gasification; vaporization; vaporisation
Order of Culture (Japan); Order of Cultural Merit (South Korea)
strengthening of a partnership (esp. between nations); reinforcing a collaborative relationship
hydrogen peroxide solution
nullification; annihilation
Cultural Affairs Department
age lowering; reduction in age
decryption; decipherment; decoding
company split-up; spinning off of a separate company
important intangible cultural asset
intangible cultural heritage
manpower reduction; personnel saving
nationalization; nationalisation
becoming (like) an old man (in one's manner); turning into an old geezer
computerization; computerisation
robotization; robotizing; automation
simplification; unification
making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees
inflection of words (e.g. declension of nouns and conjugation of verbs)
shift to domestic production; import substitution
anonymization (of data); anonymisation
becoming a permanent resident; becoming permanently settled; domiciliation
calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
intangible cultural asset
acclimatization; naturalization; acclimation
dramatization; dramatisation
chemical composition; chemical component
anaplastic cell; indifferent cell; undifferentiated cell
becoming an issue of public concern; becoming a societal problem
chemical structure; chemical constitution
all-purpose kitchen knife
cooked and dry packed rice; processed quick-cooking rice
Hua Jin; technique in Chinese martial arts of absorbing or redirecting an opponent's attack
liberalization of capital transactions
inflection; conjugation; declension
commercialization; commercialisation
doughnut effect (exodus of residents from city centers to the suburbs); donut effect
arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries
recurrence relation; recurrence formula
mechanization; mechanisation
influencing (a person) for good
vaporizer; vaporiser; carburetor; carburettor
militarization; militarisation
evolutionary rate; rate of evolution
making something freely available (information, access to a competition, etc.)
colorization; colourization; adding colour (to)
heavy and chemical industries
commercialization; commercialisation
postal privatisation (privatisation of Japan Post)
Galapagosization; phenomenon of companies becoming overly specialized in developing products for the domestic market
profit maximization; profit maximisation
reformatory; reform school
banning (e.g. an organization); making something illegal
case declension; case inflection
variation; amount of change
applied chemistry; adaptation
albinism; chlorosis; bleaching (of coral)
super-ageing society (aging)
pyogenetic; pyogenic; suppurative; pustular; festering; purulent
changing from free to paid (e.g. a service); starting to charge
liquefied gas; liquid gas
Kulturkampf (church-state conflict in Prussia; 1872-1887)
heavy double-handled pot used for making rice
becoming communist; turning communist
mercury sulfide (esp. mercuric sulfide, HgS, but also mercurous sulfide, Hg2S) (sulphide)
keratinization; cornification
nitridization; nitriding; nitride (of)
biological and chemical weapons
commoditization; commodification
important intangible folk culture asset
organizational culture; culture of an organization
westernization; westernisation
influencing people by one's virtue
dividing into blocks; becoming a bloc; forming a bloc
Sinicization; Sinification
rooftop gardening; rooftop planting; roof greening
cross-cultural; intercultural
vocalization; vocalisation; voicing
making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees
urbanization; urbanisation
localization (of software, etc.); localisation
randomization; randomisation
microminiaturization; micro-miniaturization
environmental degradation
fiber-glass reinforced plastics; FRP
Act on Protection of Cultural Properties
collectivization of agriculture (in the Soviet Union)
making people subjects of the emperor; imperialisation; imperialization
magnesium oxide (MgO); magnesia
saponification; conversion to soap
bureaucratization; bureaucratisation
encephalomalacia; cerebromalacia; cerebral softening; softening of the brain
malacia; abnormal softening of tissues
artificial incubation; artificial hatching
burying; underground installation (cables, etc.)
exhibition game; training match
establishment (of a custom, system, etc.); taking hold; taking root; fixation
indigestible; digestion-resistant; hard-to-digest
simplification; simplifying
cultural museum; museum of culture
normalization; normalisation; standardization; standardisation
incorporation; assimilation; internalization; making part of oneself
prevention of global warming
demilitarization; demilitarisation
recycling; resource recovery
simplification; facilitation; becoming easy
shift away from manufacturing to an information and service-based economy; softening; release (e.g. of a movie) on home video (e.g. DVD, BD, VHS)
sulfur dioxide; sulphur dioxide
creation of the world; evolution
sampling (e.g. in signal processing)
clean-up campaign; beautification drive
ionization tendency; ionisation tendency
customization; customisation
Council for Cultural Affairs
demutualization; becoming incorporated
militarization; militarisation
East Asian evergreen forest culture (theory)
aluminium hydroxide (aluminum)
carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
imperialisation policy (esp. on Korea during Japan's colonial rule) (imperialization); policy of imperialisation
copper oxide (i.e. cuprous oxide, cupric oxide)
undifferentiated cancer; anaplastic carcinoma
combining multiple prescribed medications (to be taken at the same time) into a single pack
Think and Grow Rich (1937 book by Napoleon Hill)
decentralization (of power); decentralisation
assimilation; metabolism; anabolism
trade liberalization; trade liberalisation
low-carbohydrate diet; low-carb diet
chemical structural formula
chemical weapons ban treaty
alienation effect; Verfremdungseffekt
assimilation; incorporation
acetone peroxide; triacetone triperoxide; peroxyacetone; TATP; TCAP
prevention of global warming
putting in order; systemize; systemise
Chinese-character cultural sphere; Sinosphere; countries where Chinese characters are used or were historically used
iron sulfide; iron sulphide
layering; stratification; sheafification
multilingualization; multilingualisation; localization; localisation
Osaka Prefectural Museum of Yayoi Culture
electrification (esp. in the auto industry)
streamlining of operations
Japan Institute of Life Insurance
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; UNESCO
becoming a dead letter; becoming meaningless (of a statute, law, etc.)
ageing (of a population); aging
writing into law; codification; enacting
international cultural exchange
miniaturization technology
creative evolution (as proposed by Henri Bergson)
sulphur oxide; sulfur oxide
chemical protective clothing; hazmat suit
merchant class culture that flourished in Edo during the Bunka-Bunsei period
extreme population aging (ageing)
oxidation-reduction reaction; redox reaction
obfuscation (of source code)
culture of the printed word; book culture
deactivation (of an account, software license, etc.)
putting into print; publishing; converting into digital text (e.g. speech, handwriting)
visual culture; culture of visual images; (screen) image culture
pitch accent leveling; pronouncing normally pitch-accented Japanese words without accent
gelling agent; gellatinizing agent; setting agent; gellant
hydrogenated oil; hardened oil
encephalomalacia; brain softening
softener; softening agent
Streptococcus pyogenes (bacterium that causes group A streptococcal infections)
nitrogen oxide (esp. nitric oxide, but also nitrous oxide, nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, etc.)
increase; rise; growth; addition; increment
non-electrified; unelectrified
caramelization; caramelisation
objectification; objectifying
listing; turning into a list
cell potency; differentiation potency
diurnal variation (temperature, etc.); daily variation; diel cycle
liberalization of imports; liberalisation of imports
turning (something) into a show; turning into a performance; adapting for the stage
upper gastrointestinal endoscope; EGD scope; esophagogastroduodenoscopy; oesophagogastroduodenoscopy; upper GI endoscopy
naturalized plant; naturalised plant
evolutionary game theory (EGT)
optimization program; optimisation program
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
National Institute on Aging
differentiation strategy; product differentiation
digestion resistant dextrin; indigestible dextrin
iconization; minimization
instantiation (in object-oriented programming)
animating (a character, object, text, etc.); making (a manga, video game, etc.) into an animated film or TV series; anime adaptation
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
vacuolation; vacuolization
integration, e.g. of electronic components into integrated circuits
organizational inertia; organisational inertia
urbanization; urbanisation
swelling; expansion; puffing; inflation; bulking
leftward shift; liberal trend
cobalt chloride (esp. CoCl2, but also CoCl3)
cross-cultural; comparative culture
urbanization control area; urban control area; zoning district where most types of construction is heavily restricted
arsenic trioxide; white arsenic (As2O3); arsenic pentoxide (As2O5)
monoamine oxidase inhibitor; MAO inhibitor; MAOI
pyogenic bacteria; pus-producing bacteria
erhua (rhotacization of syllable finals in spoken Mandarin); erization
Americanization; Americanisation
McDonaldization (institutions in society becoming standardized and focused on efficiency and predictability)
atmospheric oxidation; oxidation upon exposure to the air; air oxidation; smoothering
individualization (of a task or job; as opposed to standardization); personalization
impersonalization; impersonalisation; depersonalization
polarization; polarisation; lining up with
lead monoxide; lead(II) oxide
mercury(I) chloride; calomel; mercurous chloride
gynecomastia; gynaecomastia
(being) free of chemical seasoning (esp. MSG)
Bunka-Bunsei period (approx. 1804-1830)
Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize
vitrification (esp. oocyte cryopreservation)
gastrointestinal stromal tumor (tumour); GIST
militarization (of a country); militarisation
Minister for Culture (e.g. in Brazil, France); Minister of Culture
Person of Cultural Merit; honorary title recognizing outstanding cultural contributions
fireproofing treatment (e.g. of a building)
increase in the level of academic achievement; popularisation of higher education
personalization; personalisation; product stopping being a luxury item
energy of ionization; energy of ionisation
diagonalisation; diagonalization
damping; muffling; noise-reduction
Cultural Exchange Association
Nara National Cultural Properties Research Institute
mercury(II) chloride; corrosive sublimate
fossil water; paleowater; palaeowater
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
isomerized sugar; high-fructose corn syrup; HFCS
skeletonization; being reduced to bones
multipolarization; multipolarisation
arteriosclerosis obliterans
becoming more difficult (e.g. exam); increasing difficulty
canonization (in a textual sense)
search engine optimization; SEO
fibre-reinforced (plastic, concrete, etc.) (fiber)
cultural cleansing; cultural genocide
industrial standardization law
Nara National Research Institute of Cultural Properties
National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
non-fossil (energy, fuel, etc.)
tendency to not get married; declining marriage rate
index fossil; zone fossil; guide fossil; indicator fossil
Palaeolithic culture; Paleolithic culture
palynomorph; pollen fossil
giving guidance; explaining
computerization; computerisation
generalization (psychology, linguistics, etc.)
fundamental culture (concept proposed by German folklorist Hans Naumann); deep culture
chromium oxide (esp. Cr2O3 and CrO3)
antimony sulfide; antimony sulphide
randomized controlled trial
stannous oxide (SnO); stannic oxide (SnO2)
cell encapsulation; conversion into cells
gelatinization; gelatinisation; gelation; gelling
adapting for TV; television adaptation
(fully) automated factory
artificial incubation (method)
period in the sixth and seventh centuries prior to the Taika reform
Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology; JASCA
Bunka Women's Junior College
linguistic purism; linguistic protectionism
(study of) molecular evolution
electrochemical polarization
extraordinary naturalization; naturalization granted by the Diet to foreigners with special merit
Chinese Culture University
Chemical Society of Japan
systemic racism; institutional racism
Bunka Fashion Graduate University
Narabunka Women's Junior College
structured query language; SQL
time-division multiplexing; TDM
dinitrogen monoxide; nitrous oxide
utility maximization; utility maximisation
Society of Evolutionary Studies, Japan
SQL; Structured Query Language
Hypermedia; Time-based Structuring Language; HyTime
functional unification grammar; FUG
Bunka Gakuen University Junior College
crystallization differentiation
Division of Biofunctional Chemistry
Japanese Society of Chemotherapy
neutral theory of molecular evolution
Japan Atherosclerosis Society
Japan Cultural Association
naturalized animal; naturalised animal
transformation of the population of Japan into idiots (because of television)
second quantisation; second quantization
market liberalization; market liberalisation; opening up of a market
normalization; offering people with disabilities the same conditions as other people
automated mass-production
unification-based formalisms
Tohoku Seikatsu Bunka College
Japan-China Cultural Exchange Association
Council of Local Authorities for International Relations; CLAIR
evolutionary developmental biology; evo-devo
naturalized citizen; naturalised citizen
pro-democracy movement in China
benevolent rule of a gracious sovereign
complex compound; chelate compound
Japan Chemical Industry Association
Japanese Society for the Study of Human Welfare and Culture
body part encryption indication
Japan Society for Biomedical Gerontology
open-chain compound; acyclic compound
Japan Phosphatic & Compound Fertilizers Manufacturer's Association
demythologization; demythicization
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
Nanjing University of Technology
Hiroshima Bunka Gakuen University
randomization; randomisation
right to emit carbon dioxide
culture club (e.g. at school)
inclusion compound; clathrate compound
Tohoku Bunka Gakuen University
cyclic compound; ring compound
incentives to promote land transactions
open-chain compound; acyclic compound
biochemical oxygen demand; BOD
volatile organic compound; VOC
(pharmaceutical) candidate compound
detoxification; (toxic waste) treatment; sanitization; sterilization
political liberalization; political liberalisation
age hardening; precipitation hardening; particle hardening
change toward a borderless world; development of a borderless world
Japan Information-Culture Society
China Chemical Fibers Association; CCFA
vocalization; vocalisation
Shizuoka University of Art and Culture
sea level change; eustatic change
Japan Association for Greening Deserts
synthetic organic chemistry; organic synthetic chemistry
sustainability subsidy (for businesses struggling during the COVID-19 pandemic)
markup minimization feature
end-to-end encryption; E2EE
binary-coded decimal notation
morphofunctional modifications
tissue plasminogen activator; tPA; PLAT
Japanese Society for Chemical Regulation of Plants
cost minimization; cost minimisation
European Telecommunications Standards Institute; ETSI
expanding abroad; tapping overseas markets
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
actinic keratosis; solar keratosis; senile keratosis
employment mobility; fluidity of employment
Nichia Corporation (Japanese chemical manufacturer)
depalatalization (e.g. dropping small kana in borrowing foreign words into Japanese); depalatalisation
binary-coded decimal code
binary coded decimal; BCD
synthetic chemical industry
State Minister in Charge of Postal Services Privatization
Sino-Ryukyuan Cultural and Economic Association (previous name of the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office)
rendering plant for livestock carcasses
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
evolutionarily stable strategy; ESS
information visualization; information visualisation
metal oxide semiconductor; MOS
phase change optical disk
New Culture Movement (revolutionary movement in China, 1917-1921)
sustained virological response; SVR
Ministry of Culture and Tourism (China)
binary-coded decimal representation
water chemistry; hydrochemistry
code element; code value; coded representation
omitted tag minimization parameter
mixed plutonium and uranium oxides fuel; MOX
autoencoder (neural network)
subcategorization principle; subcategorisation principle
hazardous chemical; toxic chemical substance
search engine optimization; SEO
thermosetting material (esp. plastics and resins)
photofunctionalization (UV reactivation of implant surfaces)
isomerization; isomerisation
enhanced interrogation (e.g. waterboarding as used by the CIA)
standards organization; standards body
International Cultural Association
differential Manchester encoding
Japan Association for Evolutionary Economics; JAFEE
audio equalizer circuit; sound equalizer circuit
Society for Ritual Culture
fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva; FOP
postal service privatization
phase modulation recording; phase encoding
subcategorization feature; subcategorisation feature
the three creator gods (Amanominakanushi no Kami, Takamimusuhi no Kami and Kamimusuhi no Kami)
suddenly turning for the worse; sudden deterioration
National Research Institute of Cultural Properties
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
Chemical Industries Association; CIA
low-carbohydrate; low-carb
non-fossil fuel energy value trading market (established in 2018 by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
changing something to full remote control
racemization; racemisation
potassium ferricyanide (C6FeK3N6)
digitization; digitisation; digital transformation; modernizing (society, etc.) with the use of IT
polyvinylidene fluoride; polyvinylidene difluoride; PVDF
becoming formulaic; falling into a routine; routinization
boxing (putting a value in a wrapper type)
enshittification; gradual worsening of an online product or service's quality
American Chemistry Council; ACC
vulcanized rubber; vulcanised rubber
Westernization of food; Westernization of dietary habits
Society of International Education and Cultural Exchange; SIENCE
subcategorization; subcategorisation
modulation symbol (flat, sharp, etc.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
orthogonalized plane wave; OPW
moving to a market-oriented economy; market-oriented economic reform
chemical oxygen demand; COD
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis; SSPE
Sekisui Chemical Co. Ltd.
lead dioxide; lead(IV) oxide
Universal Character Set; UCS
multiplexer; multiplexing equipment
audio equalizer; sound equalizer
phosphine; phosphane; diphosphine; diphosphane; solid hydrogen phosphides (a yellow powder)
normalization transformation; Viewing transformation; window-to-viewport transformation
Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons; OPCW
randomized controlled trial
Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
femtosecond chemistry; femtochemistry
evolutionary epistemology
right to make available for transmission; right to put one's work into transmissable form
(high) tariff protection; tariff jumping
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)
phase-transfer emulsification
dimensional regularisation; dimensional regularization
coded character set; code
factor price equalization theorem
oxidative phosphorylation
ortho-normalization; ortho-normalisation
Japan Petrochemical Industry Association
SPC Electronics Corporation
Metal Oxide Semiconductor; MOS
Shikoku Chemicals Corporation
bowl of rice topped with beef (or pork) and egg
Act on Control and Improvement of Amusement Business, etc.
elegant speech (esp. the use of the prefixes "o-" and "go-"); refined language; polite language
hypercapnia; hypercarbia; hypercapnemia
South-East Asian Friendship and Culture Association
crystallized glass; vitroceramics; glass-ceramic
Japan Society for the Conservation of Cultural Property
agrochemistry; agricultural chemistry
stage adaptation; theatrical adaptation
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor; CMOS
fine chemical (high precision chemicals, typically used in pharmaceutical products)
Fuel Cell Commercialization Conference of Japan; FCCJ
fixation; rigidification; entrenchment; immobilization
chemical oceanography; marine chemistry
global warming potential; GWP
subnormal number; denormal number; denormalized number
Encoded Information Type; EIT
culture of a higher order (as opposed to fundamental culture)
International Organization for Standardization; ISO
decolonization; decolonisation
cretification; cretifaction chalking
denationalization (industry, company, etc.)
regularisation; regularization
non-return-to-zero (change) recording; NRZ(C)
Tonen Chemical Corporation
international standardization
Kagakuoyobi Kesseiryōhou Kenkyūsho (corporate name of Kaketsuken); Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute
antipyic (drug); antibiotic
cultural cleansing; ethnocide
heightened tension; intensification of tension
Ise Chemicals Corporation
hydrocyanic acid; prussic acid; hydrogen cyanide
chloroplatinic acid; hexachloroplatinic acid
high capacity; high load capacity; high load carrying capacity
blackening solution; (arch.) developing solution
phase modulation recording; phase encoding
primary lateral sclerosis; PLS
carbon sink; carbon dioxide sink; CO2 sink
carbon sink; carbon dioxide sink; CO2 sink
paedomorphosis; pedomorphosis
oleochemistry; oil and fat chemistry
normalized device coordinates; NDC
Adaptive Transform Coding; ATC
romanisation; romanization; transcribing into the Latin script
Non-Fossil Fuel Certificate
frogification phenomenon; developing an aversion to someone one had feelings for once that person reciprocates those feelings; disillusionment upon noticing negative qualities in a romantic partner
economics of scope; economics of diversification
Minister for Culture and Tourism
de-dollarization; replacing the US dollar as an exchange currency
character encoding scheme
Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Assets
removing excess material (from the build of a product)
carbon dioxide reducing obligation
digital rights; digitization rights; right to digitize a work
chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser
Longshan culture (China, 3000-1900 BCE); Lung-shan culture; Black Pottery culture
becoming violent (of a crowd); turning into a mob; rioting
simplified naturalization (for spouses of Japanese nationals, non-nationals born in Japan, etc.)
thermosetting resin; thermosetting polymer
silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4)
progeria (disease characterized by symptoms suggestive of premature aging)
encryption; coding; password
Japan Construction Method and Machinery Research Institute
periventricular leukomalacia (leucomalacia)
recycling (into products)
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH
bricking (e.g. of a smartphone)
exteriorization; embodiment; materialization
bunkafu; tablature notation system used for shamisen music
mercurous oxide (Hg2O); mercuric oxide (HgO)
chemical contamination disaster
petrochemistry; petrochemical industry
iron hydroxide; ferrous hydroxide; ferric hydroxide
age resister; antioxidant
follicular keratosis; keratosis pilaris
link-by-link encipherment
end-to-end encryption; E2EE
simplified Chinese character
atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic
habituation; becoming a habit; making a habit (of)
zirconium oxide; zirconia
normalization; normalisation
Society for the Development of Greenspaces; sdg
moving away from fossil fuels; phasing out fossil fuels; decarbonization; post-fossil fuels
mineralization; mineralisation
normalized projection coordinates; NPC
ADEKA Corporation (formerly known as Asahi Denka Corporation)
septic meningitis; purulent meningitis; suppurative meningitis
gelatinization; gelatinisation
icterus; any plant disease causing leaf etiolation
liquefied petroleum gas; LPG
cadmium sulfide (CdS) (sulphide)
stock conversion; conversion to stock
Data Encryption Standard; DES
(cell) encapsulation delay
privatized business; privatised business
Cultural Heritage Foundation
increase in the average age of childbirth
hexachloroethane; perchloroethanes
greenhouse gases; heat-trapping gases
lithium hexafluorophosphate
denuclearization; denuclearisation
(nuclear fuel) enrichment
heat acclimation; heat acclimatization; adapting to heat (of one's body)
area zoned for urbanization (urbanisation)
hardener (catalyst in hardening thermosetting materials)
polyvinyl chloride pipe; PVC pipe
polyvinyl chloride pipe; PVC pipe
adding a penalty to a crime (e.g. fines, prison); penalizing a crime
worse version (of something); inferior version; knock-off
environmental degradation
one of the 72 climates (from the 11th of the second lunar month until the 15th)
postal privatisation (privatisation of Japan Post)
polyvinyl chloride; PVC; vinyl chloride resin
time when moles transform into quails (second climate of the third month)
pyococcus; coccoid bacterium that forms pus
sulphur chloride; sulfur chloride
zinc sulfide (ZnS) (sulphide)
striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis)
yellow stem borer (species of moth, Scirpophaga incertulas)