change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to change into; to convert into; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
strengthening; intensifying; reinforcement; enhancement; solidification
action of making something; -ification
to deceive; to falsify; to dodge; to beg the question (issue, difficulties); to varnish over; to gloss over
culture; civilization; civilisation; Bunka era (1804.2.11-1818.4.22)
school festival; cultural festival; annual open day school event showcasing student talent
purification; cleanup (e.g. of politics); purge
(suffer) deterioration; growing worse; aggravation; degeneration; corruption
specialization; specialisation
disabling; invalidation; nullification; vitiation
digestion (of food); digestion (of information); assimilation; consumption; absorption; (arch.) losing one's form and turning into something else
to poke fun at; to make fun of; to send up
petrifaction; petrification; mineralization; mineralisation; lithification; fossilization
assimilation; absorption; adaptation; assimilation; anabolism; assimilation (phonology)
to change into; to convert to; to transform; to be reduced; to influence; to improve (someone)
stimulation (e.g. of an economy); revitalization (e.g. of a town); rejuvenation; activation
deterioration; degradation; drop in quality; becoming unattractive (because of aging)
substantiation; materialization; materialisation; (specific to object language classes) instantiation
embodiment; realization; materialization
innumerable changes; infinite variety
fossil; petrifaction; petrification; fossilization
hardening; vulcanization; hardening (of attitude, stance, etc.); stiffening; upturn (in the market); firming up
weathering; fading (of memories); efflorescence
hanky-panky; juggling; cheating; deception; smoke and mirrors
beautification; glorification
influence (on someone); inspiration
turning a comic, novel, etc. into an animated movie or TV series; making an animated version
change of heart; change of mind; change in mental state
change; transformation; inversion
making practical; making useful; implementing
intensification; aggravation
carbonization; carbonisation
mechanization; mechanisation; computerization
optimization; optimisation
ageing; aging; senile deterioration
aging; wearing out; deterioration
visualization (data, results, etc.); visualisation; making something visible (that was previously unseen)
degeneration; retrogression
verbalizing; putting into words
calming down; quieting down
specialized; specialised; boutique
personification; anthropomorphization
softening; softening (of attitude); mollification; weakening (of the market); blanching (e.g. of vegetables; by depriving of light)
initialization; initialisation; formatting; resetting
emergence (of insects); eclosion; growing wings
specialization; specialisation; differentiation
making efficient; optimization
to make progress; to develop; to evolve (method, style, etc.)
miniaturization; miniaturisation; downsizing
encryption; encipherment; password protection
increase in activity; activation
breaking ball (pitch); curve ball; screwball
vaporization; vaporisation; evaporation
modernization; modernisation
deification; apotheosis; wondrous change; great moral influence
food culture; dietary culture; cuisine
chemical reaction; generation of an unexpected result from combining things
quantification; expressing in numerical form; conversion to numerical form
creation; nature; the Universe
making (book, etc.) into film; making a screen version; adapting for the screen
commercialization (e.g. product); commodification
naturalization; naturalisation
regularization; regularisation; getting up speed; proceeding at full tilt
electrical appliances; electric appliances
suppuration; festering; coming to head
coming to a head; coming to the surface; becoming an issue; breaking
chemical substances; chemicals
generalization; generalisation; popularization; to generalize; to generalise; to popularize
embodiment; materialization; actualization; realization; taking form; taking shape
person of culture; cultured person
appropriation; misappropriation; making one's own
cultural assets; cultural property
organization; organisation; systematization; systematisation
democratization; democratisation
toughened glass; tempered glass
novelizing; novelising; adapting a movie, game, etc. into a book
becoming a mere shell; becoming a dead letter; losing (one's) substance; being reduced to a formality
indigestion; dyspepsia; incomprehensibility; inability to understand
purification; refining; simplification
education; enlightenment; civilization; civilisation; indoctrination
greening (i.e. planting to increase greenery); tree planting; afforestation
digitization; digitalization
subdivision; segmentation; fractionalization; fragmentation
declining birth rates; decrease in the number of children
being actualized; becoming apparent; becoming tangible; surfacing
rationalization; rationalisation; rationalize; rationalise
degradation over time; time-related deterioration
stabilization; stabilisation
evolutionary theory; theory of evolution
different culture; foreign culture
normalization; normalisation
increase in speed, acceleration
systematization; systematisation; organization; organisation
becoming dull; slowing down
becoming more serious or severe; aggravation; intensification
stipulation; stating clearly; documenting in writing; stating explicitly
visualization; visualisation
imperial influence; assimilation of new territory
benighted lands outside of imperial influence
electronization; digitization; computerization
civilization and enlightenment; Japan's Westernization movement during the Meiji era (Westernisation)
male-to-female gender swap (in fan art and fan fiction)
bogging down; dragging on; turning into a quagmire; becoming mired in a mess
fortifying; fortification
civilization; civilisation; enlightenment
going feral (of a species); reverting to wild; escape
unification; centralization; integration; drawing things together; working out a common policy; consolidation
throwaway match (i.e. one played after a tournament has already been decided); dead rubber
popularization; popularisation
important cultural property; important cultural asset
turning (a comic, novel, etc.) into a serialized TV-show; dramatization
depopulation; declining population
clarification; definition
live-action adaptation (of a cartoon or animated movie)
idealization; idealisation
maximization; maximisation
population ageing (aging)
changing into cash; encashment; cashing
industrialization; industrialisation; establishing a production system; putting something into production
carbon monoxide poisoning
feminization; feminisation
colonization; colonisation
normalization (of a social problem, of a situation, etc.)
mass culture; pop culture; popular culture; culture of the people (as opposed to the elite)
modelling (e.g. a system, etc.)
liberalization; liberalisation; freeing
globalization; globalisation
averaging; levelling (off); equalization; standardization; balance
aggravation (of an illness); exacerbation; worsening
radicalization; radicalisation; intensification; aggravation; sharpening (e.g. of an image); narrowing (of a peak)
homogenization; homogenisation
making obligatory; making compulsory
legalization; legalisation
computerization; computerisation
major change; major transformation
Japanization; Japanisation
undifferentiated; unspecialized
decreasing birthrate and aging population; aging population combined with the diminishing number of children; declining birthrate and a growing proportion of elderly people; dwindling birthrate and an aging population; low birthrate and longevity
cultural exchange; cross-cultural communication; contacts between different cultures
hydrogen sulphide; hydrogen sulfide; sulphuretted hydrogen; sulfuretted hydrogen
phase change; state change; transformation
urbanization; urbanisation
synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre
minimization; minimisation
getting stuck in a rut; becoming stereotyped
bleaching; whitening; chlorosis; albinism
undigested (food); unfulfilled (orders); unused (funds)
chemical experiment; chemistry experiment
reduction (in size); shrinking; minimization; trivializing (an issue); making light of; playing down
becoming cancerous; canceration
destabilization; destabilisation
popularization; popularisation
Sovietize; Sovietise; turning red; become communistic
to turn into a state of feverish mood
internationalization; internationalisation; i18n (in IT)
systematisation; systematization
standardization; standardisation
sanctification; consecration
caricaturing; turning a movie, novel, etc. into a manga; making a comic version of something
(Japanese) Agency for Cultural Affairs
arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries
privatization; privatisation
restoration; return to health
moral culture; spiritual culture; culture born through the workings of the human mind (science, religion, philosophy, religion, art, etc.)
evolved form; developed form
becoming aware (of); becoming conscious (of); realization; conscientization; (formation of) critical consciousness
semi-European-style house; type of Japanese house incorporating Western elements that was made popular in the 1920s and 1930s
conceptualization; conceptualisation
chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser
turning a movie, comic, etc. into a (computer) game; gamification
obsolescence; becoming obsolete (of a product, etc.)
nationalization; nationalisation
making hollow; making meaningless; deindustrialization; deindustrialisation
symbolization; coding; encoding
increased or beefed up security
standardization; standardisation; normalization (e.g. in maths)
specialization; specialisation
carbon oxide; hypercapnia; hypercarbia; hypocapnia
systematic implementation; institutionalization (e.g. way, method)
naturalized citizen; naturalised citizen
quantization; quantisation; quantizing
standardization; manualization; compiling into a manual; formalization
formulation; formularization; formularisation
chemical seasoning (esp. monosodium glutamate)
aging process; ageing process
leveling; levelling; equalization; alleviation (e.g. of unemployment); harmonization
full automation; becoming unmanned; making (something) unmanned
bipolarization; bipolarisation
chemistry laboratory; chemical laboratory
increase in sophistication; enhancement of functionality; increase in speed; upgrading
strengthening of relations
turning into a brand; branding
masculinization; virilization
moving into the black; becoming profitable
labor saving; labour saving
(China's) Cultural Revolution (1966-76)
making (information) into a database; creating a database (from information); entering into a database
countermeasures to the falling birthrate
vaporization heat; vaporisation heat
animalization; animalisation
socialization; socialisation
increase in the average age of marriage
Kōka era (1844.12.2-1848.2.28)
aging society; ageing society
water-purification tank; septic tank
industrialization; industrialisation; commercialization
unification; centralization; centralisation
synthetic fiber; synthetic fibre; chemical fiber; chemical fibre
Taika era (645.6.19-650.2.15)
chemical plant; chemical factory; chemical works
desalination; desalinization; desalting
homogenization (e.g. milk)
sulfuration; sulphuration
improvement; amelioration
impersonation; personification
standardization; uniformalization
standardization; standardisation
stylization; to stylize; to conventionalize
cultural science (Rickert's "Kulturwissenschaft")
objectivization; viewing objectively
Culture Day (national holiday; November 3)
make an issue or problem of something; something becoming a problem or issue
adopting (novel, etc.) for the theatre (theater)
individualization; individualisation
centralization of power; centralisation of power
tightening of regulations
crystallization; crystallisation
conversion to fiber optics
incorporation; conversion to a corporation; privatization (of a previously public body)
change over the years; aging; ageing; secular change
democratic movement; movement towards democracy
commercialization; commercialisation
toxification; turning toxic; turning poisonous
hardener; curative agent; stiffening agent
vulgarization; vulgarisation; secularization; secularisation; popularization; popularisation
turning into a slum; becoming run-down; slumism; slumification
becoming part of the standard inventory (of a product); becoming popular
refinement; purification; gentle persuasion; winning over; influence
stratification; hierarchization; layering; tiering
country with a high level of culture
conversion to sugar; saccharification
popularization; popularisation
aluminum oxide (Al2O3); aluminium oxide; alumina
Europeanization; Europeanisation; Westernization; Westernisation
oxidizing agent; oxidant; oxidizer
a sense of release (as if one had wings and were riding on air)
visualization; rendering visible (e.g. a problem); digitization
liquefied natural gas; LNG
industrialization; industrialisation
toughening the law; making the law stricter
magnetization; magnetisation
conservative swing; drift to the right; rightward trend
silicon dioxide (SiO2); silica
digestive capacity; digestive power; digestive strength
variation; variant pattern
classifying in patterns; typification
securitization; securitisation
westernization; westernisation
dissimilation; catabolism; dissimilation (phonology); defamiliarization (artistic technique); ostranenie
self-organization; self-organisation
all-electric (e.g. heating)
cultural facilities (art galleries, tea rooms, etc.)
virtualization; virtualisation
vinyl chloride; chloroethylene
many cultures; multicultural
creating a mystery; mystification
secularization; secularisation; popularization; popularisation
Ministry of Culture (e.g. in China)
putting online (services, administrative functions, etc.); going online; digitalization; digitization
female-to-male gender swap (in fan art and fan fiction)
duplication; to make redundant
legislating; legislation; passage of a bill into law
chemical symbols (for the elements)
tangible cultural properties
becoming the objective; setting as a goal
changing; becoming; death
slimming down; scaling back; thinning; streamlining; retrenchment
Order of Culture; Order of Cultural Merit
culture; arts and sciences
modernization; modernisation
ideation; process of forming and relating ideas; to ideate
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; ALS; Lou Gehrig's disease
nullification; annihilation
Cultural Affairs Department
equalization; equalisation
company split-up; spinning off of a separate company
manpower reduction; personnel saving
important intangible cultural asset
intangible cultural heritage
nationalization; nationalisation
decryption; decipherment; decoding
computerization; computerisation
robotization; robotizing; automation
simplification; unification
making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees
transition to domestic production; import substitution
acclimatization; naturalization; acclimation
dramatization; dramatisation
chemical composition; chemical component
inflection of words (e.g. declension of nouns and conjugation of verbs)
chemical structure; chemical constitution
age lowering; reduction in age
becoming a permanent resident; becoming permanently settled; domiciliation
calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
cooked and dry packed rice; processed quick-cooking rice
intangible cultural asset
liberalization of capital transactions
inflection; conjugation; declension
commercialization; commercialisation
arteriosclerosis; hardening of the arteries
mechanization; mechanisation
influencing (a person) for good
becoming (like) an old man (in one's manner); turning into an old geezer
vaporizer; vaporiser; carburetor; carburettor
militarization; militarisation
(lit.) doughnut phenomenon; combination of urban sprawl and inner-city decay
commercialization; commercialisation
recurrence relation; recurrence formula
postal privatisation (privatisation of Japan Post)
making something freely available (information, access to a competition, etc.)
Galapagosization; phenomenon of companies becoming overly specialized in developing products for the domestic market
profit maximization; profit maximisation
reformatory; reform school
banning (e.g. an organization); making something illegal
applied chemistry; adaptation
super-ageing society (aging)
heavy and chemical industries
changing from free to paid (e.g. a service); starting to charge
liquefied gas; liquid gas
Kulturkampf (church-state conflict in Prussia; 1872-1887)
heavy double-handled pot used for making rice
communization; communisation
evolutionary rate; rate of evolution
variation; amount of change
commoditization; commodification
albinism; chlorosis; bleaching (of coral)
organizational culture; culture of an organization
westernization; westernisation
influencing people by one's virtue
biological and chemical weapons
vocalization; vocalisation; voicing
making (something) free of charge; dispensing with fees
localisation; localization; L10n (in IT)
important intangible folk culture asset
microminiaturization; micro-miniaturization
fiber-glass reinforced plastics; FRP
Law for the Protection of Cultural Properties (1950)
making people subjects of the emperor; imperialisation; imperialization
magnesium oxide (MgO); magnesia
saponification; conversion to soap
bureaucratization; bureaucratisation
encephalomalacia; cerebromalacia; cerebral softening; softening of the brain
malacia; abnormal softening of tissues
artificial incubation; artificial hatching
nitridization; nitriding; nitride (of)
burying; underground installation (cables, etc.)
dividing into blocks; becoming a bloc; forming a bloc
cross-cultural; intercultural
case declension; case inflection
indigestible; digestion-resistant; hard-to-digest
customization; customisation
cultural museum; museum of culture
normalization (e.g. in floating-point representation system); normalisation; standardization; standardisation
environmental degradation
incorporation; assimilation; internalization; making part of oneself
keratinization; cornification
from the chemical point of view
sampling (e.g. in signal processing)
ionization tendency; ionisation tendency
simplification; simplifying
militarization; militarisation
prevention of global warming
East Asian evergreen forest culture (theory)
aluminium hydroxide (aluminum)
mercury sulfide (esp. mercuric sulfide, HgS, but also mercurous sulfide, Hg2S) (sulphide)
shift away from manufacturing to an information and service-based economy; softening; release (e.g. of a movie) on home video (e.g. DVD, BD, VHS)
sulfur dioxide; sulphur dioxide
creation of the world; evolution
trade liberalization; trade liberalisation
low-carbohydrate diet; low-carb diet
demutualization; becoming incorporated
chemical structural formula
assimilation; incorporation
prevention of global warming
putting in order; systemize; systemise
imperialisation policy (esp. on Korea during Japan's colonial rule) (imperialization); policy of imperialisation
copper oxide (i.e. cuprous oxide, cupric oxide)
layering; stratification; sheafification
rationalization (modifying part of an irrational expression, esp. denominators, to exclude roots or irrational numbers)
multilingualization; multilingualisation; localization; localisation
decentralization (of power); decentralisation
assimilation; metabolism; anabolism
electrification (esp. in the auto industry)
streamlining of operations
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization; UNESCO
writing into law; codification; enacting
international cultural exchange
creative evolution (as proposed by Henri Bergson)
miniaturization technology
chemical protective clothing; hazmat suit
sulphur oxide; sulfur oxide
chemical weapons ban treaty
merchant class culture that flourished in Edo during the Bunka-Bunsei period
extreme population aging (ageing)
oxidation-reduction reaction
culture of the printed word; book culture
putting into print; setting in type; printing; publishing
visual culture; culture of visual images; (screen) image culture
gelling agent; gellatinizing agent; setting agent; gellant
hydrogenated oil; hardened oil
encephalomalacia; brain softening
iron sulfide; iron sulphide
Streptococcus pyogenes (bacterium that causes group A streptococcal infections)
caramelization; caramelisation
non-electrified; unelectrified
cell potency; differentiation potency
diurnal variation (temperature, etc.); daily variation; diel cycle
liberalization of imports; liberalisation of imports
staging a story; filming a story
naturalized plant; naturalised plant
optimization program; optimisation program
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
iconization; minimization
instantiation (in object-oriented programming)
vacuolation; vacuolization
integration, e.g. of electronic components into integrated circuits
organizational inertia; organisational inertia
leftward shift; liberal trend
cobalt chloride (esp. CoCl2, but also CoCl3)
(the so-called) kanji culture
cross-cultural; comparative culture
urbanization control area; urban control area
arsenic trioxide; white arsenic (As2O3); arsenic pentoxide (As2O5)
kanji cultural sphere; countries where Chinese characters are used or were historically used
monoamine oxidase inhibitor; MAO inhibitor; MAOI
pyogenic bacteria; pus-producing bacteria
nitrogen oxide (esp. nitric oxide, but also nitrous oxide, nitrogen dioxide, dinitrogen pentoxide, etc.)
plotting (of maps); mapping; compilation
cosmo-chemistry; space science
Americanization; Americanisation
objectification; objectifying
McDonaldization (institutions in society becoming standardized and focused on efficiency and predictability)
individualization (of a task or job; as opposed to standardization); personalization
impersonalization; impersonalisation; depersonalization
polarization; polarisation; lining up with
lead monoxide; lead(II) oxide
atmospheric oxidation; oxidation upon exposure to the air; air oxidation; smoothering
gynecomastia; gynaecomastia
(being) free of chemical seasoning (esp. MSG)
Bunka-Bunsei period (approx. 1804-1830 CE)
Tezuka Osamu Cultural Prize
vitrification (esp. oocyte cryopreservation)
gastrointestinal stromal tumor (tumour); GIST
person who has made outstanding cultural contributions
increase in the level of academic achievement; popularisation of higher education
damping; muffling; noise-reduction
personalization; personalisation; product stopping being a luxury item
diagonalisation; diagonalization
fossil water; paleowater; palaeowater
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
computational chemistry (i.e. computer simulation of chemical phenomena); computer chemistry
arteriosclerosis obliterans
canonization (in a textual sense)
becoming more difficult (e.g. exam); increasing difficulty
fibre-reinforced (plastic, concrete, etc.) (fiber)
alienation effect; Verfremdungseffekt
acetone peroxide; triacetone triperoxide; peroxyacetone; TATP; TCAP
industrial standardization law
non-fossil (energy, fuel, etc.)
tendency to not get married; declining marriage rate
index fossil; zone fossil; guide fossil; indicator fossil
Palaeolithic culture; Paleolithic culture
palynomorph; pollen fossil
giving guidance; explaining
generalization (psychology, linguistics, etc.)
fundamental culture (concept proposed by German folklorist Hans Naumann); deep culture
chromium oxide (esp. Cr2O3 and CrO3)
zirconium oxide; zirconia
antimony sulfide; antimony sulphide
recycling; resource recovery
randomized controlled trial
cell encapsulation; conversion into cells
adapting for TV; television adaptation
increase in the average age of childbirth
(fully) automated factory
artificial incubation (method)
period in the sixth and seventh centuries prior to the Taika reform
standardization; standardisation
(study of) molecular evolution
structured query language; SQL
time division multiplexing; TDM
dinitrogen monoxide; nitrous oxide
utility maximization; utility maximisation
SQL; Structured Query Language
Hypermedia; Time-based Structuring Language; HyTime
functional unification grammar; FUG
crystallization differentiation
neutral theory of molecular evolution
naturalized animal; naturalised animal
transformation of the population of Japan into idiots (because of television)
second quantisation; second quantization
market liberalization; market liberalisation; opening up of a market
normalization; offering people with disabilities the same conditions as other people
automated mass-production
unification-based formalisms
evolutionary developmental biology; evo-devo
Council of Local Authorities for International Relations; CLAIR
benevolent rule of a gracious sovereign
pro-democracy movement in China
complex compound; chelate compound
body part encryption indication
open-chain compound; acyclic compound
demythologization; demythicization
right to emit carbon dioxide
inclusion compound; clathrate compound
phonetic change; change in sound; shift in sound; sound change
cyclic compound; ring compound
incentives to promote land transactions
open-chain compound; acyclic compound
biochemical oxygen demand; BOD
(pharmaceutical) candidate compound
political liberalization; political liberalisation
age hardening; precipitation hardening; particle hardening
change toward a borderless world; development of a borderless world
vocalization; vocalisation
sea level change; eustatic change
synthetic organic chemistry; organic synthetic chemistry
markup minimization feature
actinic keratosis; solar keratosis; senile keratosis
binary-coded decimal notation
tissue plasminogen activator; tPA; PLAT
morphofunctional modifications
cost minimization; cost minimisation
depalatalization (e.g. dropping small kana in borrowing foreign words into Japanese); depalatalisation
expanding abroad; tapping overseas markets
employment mobility; fluidity of employment
binary-coded decimal code
synthetic chemical industry
binary coded decimal; BCD
State Minister in Charge of Postal Services Privatization
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
rendering plant for livestock carcasses
New Culture Movement (revolutionary movement in China, 1917-1921)
evolutionarily stable strategy; ESS
sustained virological response; SVR
phase change optical disk
metal oxide semiconductor; MOS
information visualization; information visualisation
evolutionary game theory (EGT)
binary-coded decimal representation
code element; code value; coded representation
mixed plutonium and uranium oxides fuel; MOX
omitted tag minimization parameter
subcategorization principle; subcategorisation principle
search engine optimization; SEO
thermosetting material (esp. plastics and resins)
differential Manchester encoding
isomerization; isomerisation
standards organization; standards body
postal service privatization
audio equalizer circuit; sound equalizer circuit
fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (disease of the connective tissue); FOP
phase modulation recording; phase encoding
subcategorization feature; subcategorisation feature
suddenly turning for the worse; sudden deterioration
the three creator gods (Amanominakanushi no Kami, Takamimusuhi no Kami and Kamimusuhi no Kami)
carbon assimilation; carbon fixation
digestion resistant dextrin; indigestible dextrin
low-carbohydrate; low-carb
non-fossil fuel energy value trading market (established in 2018 by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry)
gelatinization; gelatinisation
changing something to full remote control
energy of ionization; energy of ionisation
racemization; racemisation
potassium ferricyanide (C6FeK3N6)
digitization; digitisation; digital transformation; modernizing (society, etc.) with the use of IT
polyvinylidene fluoride; polyvinylidene difluoride; PVDF
vulcanized rubber; vulcanised rubber
Westernization of food; Westernization of dietary habits
modulation symbol (flat, sharp, etc.)
subcategorization; subcategorisation
moving to a market-oriented economy; market-oriented economic reform
chemical oxygen demand; COD
orthogonalized plane wave; OPW
Universal Character Set; UCS
subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
audio equalizer; sound equalizer
lead dioxide; lead(IV) oxide
multiplexer; multiplexing equipment
normalization transformation; Viewing transformation; window-to-viewport transformation
randomized controlled trial
Conference of Parties of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
phosphine; phosphane; diphosphine; diphosphane; solid hydrogen phosphides (a yellow powder)
femtosecond chemistry; femtochemistry
evolutionary epistemology
RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer)
(high) tariff protection; tariff jumping
coded character set; code
dimensional regularisation; dimensional regularization
factor price equalization theorem
phase-transfer emulsification
ortho-normalization; ortho-normalisation
oxidative phosphorylation
Metal Oxide Semiconductor; MOS
beef (or pork) and egg on rice
Law Regulating Adult Entertainment Businesses
elegant speech (esp. the use of the prefixes "o-" and "go-"); refined language; polite language
crystallized glass; vitroceramics; glass-ceramic
isomerized sugar; high-fructose corn syrup; HFCS
fine chemical (high precision chemicals, typically used in pharmaceutical products)
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor; CMOS
chemical oceanography; marine chemistry
multipolarization; multipolarisation
motorization; motorisation
International Organization for Standardization; ISO
subnormal number; denormal number; denormalized number
denationalization (industry, company, etc.)
Encoded Information Type; EIT
decolonization; decolonisation
regularisation; regularization
culture of a higher order (as opposed to fundamental culture)
non-return-to-zero (change) recording; NRZ(C)
international standardization
search engine optimization (optimisation); SEO
heightened tension; intensification of tension
chloroplatinic acid; hexachloroplatinic acid
oleochemistry; oil and fat chemistry
high capacity; high load capacity; high load carrying capacity
primary lateral sclerosis; PLS
phase modulation recording; phase encoding
carbon sink; carbon dioxide sink; CO2 sink
carbon sink; carbon dioxide sink; CO2 sink
paedomorphosis; pedomorphosis
normalized device coordinates; NDC
blackening solution; (arch.) developing solution
Adaptive Transform Coding; ATC
Non-Fossil Fuel Certificate
romanisation; romanization; transcribing into the Latin script
economics of scope; economics of diversification
Minister for Culture and Tourism
character encoding scheme
carbon dioxide reducing obligation
digital rights; digitization rights; right to digitize a work
Longshan culture (China, 3000-1900 BCE); Lung-shan culture; Black Pottery culture
chemical fertilizer; chemical fertiliser
progeria (disease characterized by symptoms suggestive of premature aging)
encryption; coding; password
silicon tetrachloride (SiCl4)
periventricular leukomalacia (leucomalacia)
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; PAH
chemical contamination disaster
bunkafu; tablature notation system used for shamisen music
mercurous oxide (Hg2O); mercuric oxide (HgO)
iron hydroxide; ferrous hydroxide; ferric hydroxide
age resister; antioxidant
link-by-link encipherment
simplified Chinese character
atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic
normalization; normalisation
normalized projection coordinates; NPC
mineralization; mineralisation
liquefied petroleum gas; LPG
cadmium sulfide (CdS) (sulphide)
Data Encryption Standard; DES
carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)
(cell) encapsulation delay
stock conversion; conversion to stock
privatized business; privatised business
lithium hexafluorophosphate
greenhouse gases; heat-trapping gases
hexachloroethane; perchloroethanes
denuclearization; denuclearisation
(nuclear fuel) enrichment
area zoned for urbanization (urbanisation)
hardener (catalyst in hardening thermosetting materials)
polyvinyl chloride pipe; PVC pipe
polyvinyl chloride pipe; PVC pipe
adding a penalty to a crime (e.g. fines, prison); penalizing a crime
stannous oxide (SnO); stannic oxide (SnO2)
environmental degradation
one of the 72 climates (from the 11th of the second lunar month until the 15th)
postal privatisation (privatisation of Japan Post)
time when moles transform into quails (second climate of the third month)
pyococcus; coccoid bacterium that forms pus
polyvinyl chloride; PVC; vinyl chloride resin
sulphur chloride; sulfur chloride
zinc sulfide (ZnS) (sulphide)
striped stem borer (Chilo suppressalis)
yellow stem borer (species of moth, Scirpophaga incertulas)