indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ear; hearing; edge; crust; selvedge (non-fray machined edge of fabrics); selvage
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
peace (of mind); tranquility; tranquillity; serenity
time; hour; period; class
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
compilation (of a text); editing; volume (of a text); completed literary work
welcome!; nice to see you!
busy; occupied; hectic; restless; hurried; fidgety
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
closing up shop (for the day); stopping business; going out of business
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
(for something) to have occurred; to have done (something); (for something) to happen on occasion
for a moment; for a minute; for a while; for some time; for the time being; for now
intention; plan; belief; assumption; estimate; estimation
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to return; to come home; to leave; to get home; to get to home plate
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
always; all the time; never; usual; regular
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
together (with); at the same time; in a lump
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
because ...; for ...; the reason being ...; as for ...; when it comes to ...; regarding ...
feeling; sensation; preparedness; readiness; thought; sentiment
surely; undoubtedly; sternly; severely; having no slack; rigid
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
store; shop; establishment; restaurant
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")