statesman; administrator; politician; policymaker
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
as one would expect; just as you'd expect (from); just like (someone)
defeating an argument; winning an argument; refutation; confutation
our country; our land; one's own country
sacred books; sutras; scriptures; Bible
by means of; due to; because of; according to
extensive knowledge; erudition
great erudition; extensive knowledge; vast stock of knowledge
study; scholarship; learning; discipline; branch of learning; (a) science
banter; raillery; ridicule; teasing; making fun of
sharp, loud rebuke; bark; roar; rebuke used in Zen to achieve enlightenment
tip of a twig; tip; end; trifles; trivial matters
branches and leaves; foliage; unimportant details; nonessentials; side issue
to discuss; to find fault with; to criticize; to criticise
chapter and verse; paragraph; passage
rotting; spoiling; decaying; rotten; worthless; paltry
consequence; outcome; result; blame
to be contented; to be at ease
creation; founding; initiating
that is to say; so that means
writing brush and inkstone; writing; composition; daily life of a writer
brush and ink; writing; drawing
to spend; to expend; to waste; to squander; to devote
politics; government; peace; (arch.) medical treatment; (arch.) cure
swallowing; understanding; apprehension
study; scholarship; learning; discipline; branch of learning; (a) science
man of virtue; wise man; person of high rank; the four gentlemen (plum, chrysanthemum, orchid, and bamboo)
Confucianism; Confucianist; Chinese scholar
poem; narrative (style of the Shi Jing); classical Chinese rhymed prose
sons and daughters; children; girl
orpiment; gamboge; falsification; alteration
indulgence; addiction; infatuation
to make muddy (of a liquid); to make cloudy; to make turbid; to make ambiguous; to evade (e.g. the point); to be noncommittal about
reason; principle; general principle (as opposed to individual concrete phenomenon); (in neo-Confucianism) the underlying principles of the cosmos
great Confucian (scholar); great scholar; person of great erudition
human relations; humanity
fleshing out (e.g. a plan); giving substance (to); modeling; modelling