(foreign) trade; (international) commerce; importing and exporting
medium (size); average (grade, level, etc.); in; within; during; while; currently (doing)
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
well-informed person; walking dictionary; extensive knowledge
national isolation; closing the country (to foreigners); sakoku; policy of national isolation enacted by the Tokugawa shogunate
a lot; plenty; abundant; exaggerated; grandiose
human nature; human heart; public feeling; people's sentiments; consciousness; awareness
to face (each other); to be facing; to be directed toward (the future, etc.); to be in response to; to receive (a client, etc.); to compare with
reputation; respectability; honour; honor
originally; essentially; naturally; in the first place; to begin with
one line; one stretch (e.g. of road); earnest; resolute; (arch.) one bloodline; (arch.) one clan
foreigner (esp. one of European ancestry); different person
to be of benefit; to be beneficial; to be useful; to do one good; to be good for one
one's native country; land of one's birth
the world in general; society; convention
spreading around (news, rumor, etc.); making widely known; making public; publicizing; proclaiming
at; in; at; when; by; with
10,000,000; ten million; extremely large number; myriad
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
a little; a bit; somewhat; slightly; rather
explanation (e.g. for one's actions); excuse; justification; defense; defence
should do; ought to do; must do
to divide; to separate; to share; to distribute; to distinguish
the five continents; Asia, Africa, Europe, America and Australia; Asia, Africa, Europe, North America and South America
civilization; civilisation; culture; Bunmei era (1469.4.28-1487.7.20)
traditional cap worn by Shinto clergy and courtiers; crown; diadem; top kanji radical; first verse of a haikai, etc.; best; peerless
civilized nation; civilised nation
to take a view or perspective; to regard as; to consider to be
shallow view; superficial idea; (one's) view; (one's) humble opinion
concealment (of one's vices); veil; cover; overturning; toppling
rut; wheel track; furrow; groove; (fig.) footsteps; (fig.) wake
around the world; throughout the world
the number of people; many people; a large number of people
proportion; proportional representation section (of an election)
rate; ratio; comparatively; contrary to expectations
numeral; digit; figure; number; a few characters
empty (e.g. argument); insubstantial; hollow; fruitless
which; where; all; both; anyway; anyhow
axis; shaft; center; centre; stalk; stem