independence; self-reliance; independence (e.g. of a nation); freedom; separation; isolation
root; source; origin; foundation; basis; essence
honesty; integrity; purity and unselfishness
sincere; honest; faithful
obedience; submission; resignation
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
philharmonic (e.g. orchestra, choir)
Western music; European music
patron (of the arts, an artist, etc.); patroness; sugar daddy; man who provides for a woman (e.g. a geisha); patron; master
two ways (e.g. of interpreting a word); two kinds; two types
eve (esp. Christmas Eve); the night before
ago; since; before; previous
to become thin; to lose weight; to reduce (one's) weight; to be barren; to be infertile; to be sterile
research society; study class (e.g. religious); seminar (e.g. presentation of research)
guidance; leadership; instruction; shido (disciplinary action for a minor infringement of the rules of judo)
imperial capital (esp. Kyoto); final word of an iroha poem; 10^16; 10,000,000,000,000,000
(college) president; secretary-general
advice; counsel; remonstrance; recommendation
official uniform; official dress
plain; field; hidden (structural) member; wild; lacking a political post
sale; offering for sale; release (for sale); launch (product)
binding (of a book); design (of a book cover)
to undo; to untie; to unfasten; to unlace; to unravel; to loosen
to pull from both ends; to pull from both sides; to play tug of war
kaki; Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki)
wood-block printing; wood engraving
middle class; bourgeoisie
will; desire; ambition; urge (e.g. creative urge)
ruby; ruby character; small hiragana or katakana readings of kanji usually above or to the side of the kanji (esp. used by printers and in ref. to printed material)
printing type; movable type; printed text; print
here and there; all around; everywhere; to get things in the wrong order (back to front); to become muddled up
as was expected; just as one thought; sure enough; really; actually; ever