first (of all); firstly; probably; most likely; more or less (satisfactory); on the whole
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
explanation; exposition; description; account; caption; legend
ought to do; have to do; must do; feel obliged to
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
probably not; probably won't; intend not to; will not; trying not to; attempting not to; whether you ... or not
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
other than; excluding; without
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
dead body; corpse; cadaver; carcass
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
while alive; during one's lifetime
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
decrease; reduction; decline
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
confirmation; verification; validation; review; check; affirmation
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
soul; spirit; departed soul; ghost
one's nature; one's feelings; plain; unadorned; mere; poor
heavy; weighty; heavy (feeling); depressed; slow; sluggish; important (position, responsibility, etc.)
what is called; what you call; what they call; so-called
soul; spirit; willpower; vitality; something as important as one's own life; something invaluable
to come out; to fall out; to fade; to discolour; to wear a hole (e.g. clothes); to leave (e.g. a meeting); to be clear
the body; the flesh; the outer man; one's physique
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
pseudo; quasi; false; suspected (case, e.g. of disease)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
installation (esp. software)
via; through; by doing; by means of; using
dead person; (the) deceased; (the) dead; casualties
to be resurrected; to be resuscitated; to be rehabilitated; to be recalled (e.g. memories); to be brought back
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
spurious article; forgery; counterfeit; imitation; sham
expert; learned person; doctor; PhD; instructor at the imperial court (ritsuryō period); pitch and length marks (to accompany a Buddhist liturgical chant, etc.)
beginning; outset; first; onset