here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
Suō (former province located in the southeast of present-day Yamaguchi Prefecture)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
end; verge; extremity; miss; failure; blank (e.g. lottery ticket)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
blizzard of falling cherry blossoms; flurry of falling cherry blossoms
to dance down (leaves, petals, etc.); to fall as if dancing
blame; censure; rebuke; reproof
village headman; village mayor
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to present; to submit; to tender; to hold out
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
temporary; provisional; fictitious; assumed (name); hypothetical; theoretical
lodging; inn; house; home; home of a servant's parents (or guarantor, etc.)
to hurry; to rush; to hasten; to make something happen sooner
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
really; truly; indeed; good grief
anywhere; for all time; through thick and thin; come hell or high water; persistently; stubbornly
earthen charcoal brazier (for cooking)
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
or rather (say); or better (say); or perhaps I should say; or, how should I put it,...; I mean
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
charcoal; charred remains
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
cooking stove; burner (gas, electric, etc.); range; cooktop; hob
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...