indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to congratulate; to celebrate
social gathering; get-together; (friendly) meeting
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
estimate (of costs); budget
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that ...
isn't it?; don't you think?; right?; surely; come on
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
inside; within; while (e.g. one is young); during; among; amongst; in (secret, chaos, poverty, etc.)
to use (a tool, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
enjoyable; fun; pleasant; happy; delightful
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to be needed; to be necessary; to be required; to be wanted; to need; to want
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
circumstances; condition; arranging; managing; lending money; raising money
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
schedule; program; programme; agenda
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
area; vicinity; side; edge; circumstances
contacting; (making) contact; connection (with a train, bus, etc.); joining (a railway line, etc.); connection (between matters, incidents, etc.); relation
that's good; that's nice; like (on social media); is that clear?; OK?
enjoyment; pleasure; amusement; anticipation; looking forward to; something to look forward to
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
newcomer; new figure; new member; modern humans (from Cro-Magnon man onwards); Homo sapiens
medicine; drug; chemical (agent); chemicals
way of using (something); way to use; how to use; way of handling (employees, subordinates, etc.); way of treating; treatment
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
then; well; so; well then
department (in an organization, company, etc.); division; club (at a school, university, etc.); team; part; portion
business trip; official trip
fortune-telling; divination; fortune-teller; diviner
I'm off (and will be back later); see you later; to go (and then come back)
what the?; what's that?; what are you doing?; what's going on?
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; penis; (one's) thing
to see (a doctor, etc.); to consult (someone)
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings