tree; shrub; wood; timber; wooden clappers (signalling the beginning or end of a performance)
account; history; notice; note; Kojiki (earliest historical record of Japan, compiled in 712 CE); Records of Ancient Matters
prefecture (of Japan); county (of China, Taiwan, Norway, etc.); department (of France); province (of Italy, Spain, etc.)
dawn; daybreak; event (e.g. "in the event of ..."); occasion; occurrence
town; block; street; road; chō (unit of length, approx. 109.09 m); chō (unit of land area, approx. 0.99 hectares)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
since one was born; (in) all one's life
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
primary school; elementary school; grade school
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
continuously; the whole time; much (more); (by) far; far (away); long (ago, before, after)
truancy; school non-attendance
senior high school; high school
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
taking; accepting; receipt; leaving; departure; withdrawal
refusal; rejection; denial; veto
facility; facilities; institution; home (for the elderly, orphans, etc.)
entering; entrance; attendance; audience; containing; income; earnings
... years old; age (of) ...
hospitalization; hospitalisation
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
painter; artist; drawing pictures; doodling; painting
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
entering and leaving a hospital; admission and discharge
to repeat; to do over again
negligence; neglect; carelessness; procrastination
taking captive; carrying away; kidnapping; kidnaping; abduction
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
acting rashly; running wildly; runaway (process); reckless baserunning
occasion; time; circumstances; (in) case (of); when
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
to help (someone) out of trouble; to rescue; to save
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
hospital; clinic; doctor's office; doctor's surgery; infirmary