indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
as one would expect; naturally; indeed; still; all the same; after all
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
no good; not serving its purpose; hopeless; wasted; cannot; must not
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
to say enough (as much as required); to say plenty; to say well; to say cleverly; to say often; to say frequently
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
language; dialect; word; phrase; speech; (manner of) speaking
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
painful; sore; cringy; embarrassing; exceeding
to shout; to cry; to scream; to clamour
while; during; while; although; all; both
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
after that; afterwards; thereafter
to faint; to lose consciousness; to feel overwhelmed; to be astounded
to fall (over, down); to collapse; to be destroyed (in a collapse); to collapse; to be confined to bed (with an illness); to come down with; to die
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
straight; quickly; quietly; gently; to feel refreshed; to feel satisfied
consciousness; becoming aware (of); awareness; mano-vijnana (mental consciousness, cognizer of sensory information)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
in that way; thus; so; so?
eye; eyeball; eyesight; sight; look; stare; notice
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.