suffix for familiar person
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to decide; to choose; to clinch (a victory); to decide (the outcome of a match); to persist in doing; to go through with; to always do
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
first day returning to work after the New Years holiday; first task at a new job; newcomer's first job
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
champion of justice; knight in shining armor; crime avenger; hero; super hero
definite; final; decisive; conclusive
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to herd; to drive; to corner; to force someone into doing; to go hard; to push yourself
witness stand; witness box
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
offender; criminal; culprit
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
indictment; prosecution; complaint
astonishing; amazing; surprising; wonderful
to talk about; to speak of; to recite; to chant; to indicate; to show
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
as a matter of fact; by the way; to tell you the truth; to be honest; frankly
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
forbidding to speak; muzzling (a person); bribing into secrecy; hush money
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
what did you just say (to me)?; what's that?
in that way; thus; so; so?
listen!; you see; mind you; remember
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
idiot; moron; trivial matter; folly; stupid; foolish