ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to enter; to come in; to join (a club, company, etc.); to enter (a university, the army, etc.); to be contained (in); to be included (in); to (be able to) fit (in a container, building, etc.)
adds force to a statement, decision or conclusion; indicates command; (strongly) emphasizes the previous word; adds focus; some- (e.g. something, someone)
to wake up; to awake; to perk up; to awaken (to the truth, etc.); to come to a realization; to come to one's senses
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to eat; to live; to make a living; to bite; to sting (as insects do); to tease; to torment
thank you for the meal; that was a delicious meal; what a wonderful meal
presence of other people; (in) public; (in) front of others
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
light (i.e. not heavy); feeling light (i.e. offering little resistance, moving easily); light (i.e. of foot); effortless; non-serious; minor; slight
to eat up (completely); to put down (a rebellion); to suppress; (arch.) to make flat; (arch.) to level out
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
flower; blossom; cherry blossom; beauty; blooming (esp. of cherry blossoms); ikebana; hanafuda
usual; normal; everyday; usually; normally; generally
than; rather than; instead of; from; out of; except
to eat; to live on (e.g. a salary); to live off; to subsist on
to feel (as if); to have a feeling (that); to have a hunch (that); to feel like doing; to want to do
that far; so far; to that extent; stop!; not one step further!
indicates word or phrase being defined; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); with; (not) as much as; (not) so much as; the fact that
reason; grounds; pretext; excuse; motive
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
reason; cause; meaning; sense; (good) sense; reason
to be open (to traffic); to lead (to); to flow (of a liquid, current, etc.); to pass (through); to be conveyed (of an intention, meaning, etc.); to be understood (by); to be well versed (in)
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
conclusion (of an argument, discussion, study, etc.); conclusion
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
towards the ground; with respect to the ground; ground (speed, attack, etc.)
magical powers; supernatural powers; spell; charm
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
deficiency; insufficiency; shortage; lack; want; dearth
to raise; to raise up; to wake; to wake up; to cause; to bring about; to start
falling (down) unconscious; fainting (and collapsing)
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; used for soft emphasis or to soften a statement or request; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.