please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give
oh; oh my; oh dear; well, ...; er ...; why, ...
now; the present time; just now; another; more
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
surface; face (i.e. the visible side of an object); front (of a building, etc.); obverse side (i.e. "head") of a coin; outside; exterior; appearance
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to request; to beg; to call; to order; to entrust to; to rely on
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
charge; custody; safekeeping; deposit; storage
place; location; room; space; sumo tournament
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen; to come about
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
request; favour (to ask); wish; please
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well ...; I think ...
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
how; in what way; how about
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to find; to discover; to come across; to be used to seeing; to be familiar with
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
undulation; winding; meandering; swell (of waves); ground swell; surge
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
few; little; small (amount); low; scarce; insufficient
-ness; indicates assertion; come (on); come now; er; um; indicates scrutiny, critique or mistrust
lucky; nice!; score!; bingo!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
university; college; former imperial university of Japan (established under the ritsuryō system for the training of government administrators); the Great Learning (one of the Four Books)
you said; he said; even if; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more