Lord; Sir; state minister (under the ritsuryō system or Meiji Grand Council system)
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
Jon; John; Gjon; Jonathan
he; she; that person; that; that one; that thing
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
this way; this direction; here; this (one); I; me
wife; Mrs; (arch.) wife of a nobleman; (arch.) consort (of the emperor) of the third rank (ritsuryō system)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
(home) tutor; private tutor; private teacher
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
in front (of); before (e.g. a building); before; earlier; (the) front; frontal part; forward
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
consultation; discussion; discussing; asking (someone) for advice
to receive; to get; to catch (e.g. a ball); to be struck by (wind, waves, sunlight, etc.); to sustain (damage); to incur (a loss); to undergo (e.g. surgery)
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...; wow
in that way; thus; so; the same; so?
event; affair; incident; case; plot; trouble
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to invite; to ask; to beckon; to wave someone in; to call in; to send for
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
at that time; at that moment; then; on that occasion