hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
fiction; fabrication; concoction; fictitious; fictional; imaginary
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
large number (of); many; majority
cherry tree; cherry blossom; fake buyer; paid audience; hired applauder; horse meat
river; stream; River; the ... river
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
plot; scheme; trick; design; intrigue; artifice
rejection; negation; voting down
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
oh!; dear me; my goodness; well well; I say
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
email; mail (usu. in compound words); post; message (sent over a chat application); instant message; male
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
so; therefore; accordingly; consequently; on those grounds; that is why
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
hindrance; obstacle; to visit (someone's home); demon who hinders Buddhist training; demon who obstructs sentient beings from maintaining moral behaviour
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to notice; to recognize; to recognise; to become aware of; to perceive; to realize
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
is that so? (generally rhetorical)
the future (usually distant); future tense; the world to come
to keep someone from doing; to stop; to prevent; to check; to hinder; to obstruct
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case