honorific/polite/humble prefix
cooking; cookery; cuisine; dealing with (skillfully); handling (well); managing
which (of three or more); well; now; c'mon
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
good(-tasting); nice; delicious; attractive (offer, opportunity, etc.); appealing; convenient
today; this day; these days; recently; nowadays
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to invite; to ask (someone to do); to tempt; to lure; to induce (tears, laughter, sleepiness, etc.); to arouse (e.g. sympathy)
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
Mr; master; Ms; miss; (arch.) sir; (arch.) madam
Mr; Mrs; Miss; politeness marker
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
house; residence; family; household; lineage; family name
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
company; corporation; firm; one's workplace
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
secret; secrecy; mystery; secret (e.g. to success); esoteric teachings
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
lover; sweetheart; boyfriend; girlfriend
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have ...-ed; to be ...-ed
in this way; like this; this (much); so; uh; er
disappointed love; broken heart; unrequited love; being lovelorn
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
beginning; outset; first; onset
from; since; through (e.g. a window, door); via; because; as; from (as in "made from")
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
voice; singing (of a bird); chirping (of an insect); voice; opinion (as expressed in words); sound; sense (of something's arrival)
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you; you shouldn't have; it's too much
-like; sort of; similar to; resembling
already; yet; soon; shortly; further; more
to leave it as is; to leave it at that; to let it be; to stop with something
idiot; moron; stupid; foolish; trivial; insignificant; malfunctioning