indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
mom; mommy; mum; female proprietress (of a bar, etc.)
to tear off; to peel off; to rip off; to strip of (clothes, rank, etc.); to deprive of; to divest of
to be sufficient; to be enough; to be worth doing; to be worthy of; to do (the job); to serve
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
yell (of encouragement); cheering (esp. for a school sports team)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
(not) ever; (not) by any means; (not) in the least; (not) in any way; (not) at all
to let pass; to allow through; to transmit (e.g. light, sound, etc.); to conduct (electricity); to stick through (e.g. a hole); to force through (e.g. an opening); to connect (e.g. two places)
any; anything; whatever; I am told; I hear; I understand
to be able to do; to be possible; to be good at; to do well; to come into existence; to form; to be made
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
to shine; to sparkle; to twinkle; to light up (with happiness, hope, etc.); to beam; to gleam
(distant) future; future existence; world beyond the grave; future (tense)
to hug (someone) tight; to embrace; to give (someone) a tight hug; to cuddle
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
company president; manager; director
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to think (about, of); to think over; to consider; to bear in mind; to think (that); to believe; to intend (to do)
now; the present time; just now; another; more
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
to stop; to turn off; to park; to prevent; to suppress (a cough); to stop (someone from doing something); to dissuade
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
a-ha-ha (laughing loudly)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
to take back; to get back; to regain; to recover; to restore; to recoup
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
worn-out; ragged; crumbling; dry and crumbly; falling (in drops or clumps); scattering
body; torso; trunk; build; physique; health
(not) anything; (nothing) at all; and everything else; and all; (not) at all; (not) in the least
again; once more; also; too; on the other hand; while; and
you; before (a god, nobleman, etc.); in front of
indicates a question; indicates an embedded question; indicates an indirect question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm