circumference; outskirts; environs; (computer) peripheral
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
investigation; examination; inquiry; enquiry; survey
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
at the present time; as of now; at this time
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
extent; scope; sphere; range; span
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
near; neighbourhood; nearly (e.g. "it took nearly one year"); close to; shortly; soon
to spread (out); to extend; to stretch; to reach to; to get around; to fill (e.g. a space)
large; big; great; prominent; -sized; as big as; university
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
magnification; enlargement; expansion; amplification
medium; average; moderation; middle school; China; volume two (of three); during (a certain time when one did or is doing something)
I'm told; is what I heard; is how it is, apparently; is what they said
the other day; a few days ago
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
man; male; fellow; guy; male lover; boyfriend
law; act; method; mood; dharma; law
country; state; region; national government; central government; home (i.e. hometown, home country); (arch.) province (of Japan)
sacred scripture; sacred book; holy book; writings of a sage
commander; commanding officer; CO
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
et cetera; etc.; or something; the likes of; for example; for instance
other (place, thing, person); the rest; outside; beyond; nothing except; nothing but
race; tribe; species; genus; stellar population (i.e. population I, II and III)
to conquer (e.g. an enemy); to defeat; to overcome (a difficulty); to out-hit