I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
dirty; filthy; disordered; messy; indecent (language, etc.); dirty
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to curse; to put a curse on; to detest intensely
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
establishment; institution; installation (of a machine or equipment)
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
postbox; mailbox; post; position; post (e.g. goalpost); post- (e.g. post-Cold War)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
letter (e.g. of complaint); letter to the editor; letter from a reader; contribution (to a newspaper, magazine, etc.)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
knowing; (an) acquaintance
don't you think?; indicates question
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
to examine; to look up; to investigate; to check up; to sense; to study
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
sleep; sleeping; inactivity; death
to disturb; to prevent; to obstruct; to hinder
always; without exception; necessarily; certainly; without fail; positively
curse; spell; malediction
to fall onto; to happen; to befall
there (place relatively near listener); there (place just mentioned); that place; then (of some incident just spoken of); that (of point just raised); (arch.) you
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
such things as ...; and ... and; the minute (that) ...; no sooner than ...; be; is; o
mirror; looking-glass; barrel head; page added at the beginning of a document mentioning its purpose, date, author, etc.; mirror-shaped mochi
one's own convenience; one's way; surroundings; environment; convenience; ease of use; financial circumstances
to break; to be smashed; to split; to crack; to be divided (opinion, vote, etc.); to split (e.g. of a party); to come to light