at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to congratulate; to celebrate
cheers; bottoms-up; toast; drink (in celebration or in honor of something); drinking one's glass dry
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
joint; knuckle; tune; melody; knot (in wood); node in a bamboo stem
relation; relationship; participation; involvement; influence; effect
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
change; variation; variety; diversity; inflection; declension
to bring; to take; to bring about
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
dream for the future; hopes for the future
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
in that way; thus; so; so?
myself; yourself; I; me; you
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
alone; by oneself; on one's own
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
to reach the point that; to come to be that; to turn into
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
escape; break-out; prolapse; proptosis
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
overall victory; championship
next (to); adjoining; adjacent; house next door; neighbouring house; next-door neighbour
to swear; to vow; to take an oath; to pledge
a long time (since the last time); first in a long time
poor; pitiable; pathetic; pitiful
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to cut apart (cloth, paper, etc.); to sever (ties); to break off (relationship); to cut off (enemy's retreat); to block (road, etc.)
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
championship game; finals (of a tournament); deciding round