to lose; to miss (a change, opportunity); to lose (a loved one); to be bereaved of; to concede (goals, points, etc.)
the past; bygone days; one's past (that one would prefer remained secret); past (tense); preterit; previous life
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
compensation; indemnification; reparation; consideration
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
emergency; extraordinary; unusual
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
thing; object; one's things; possessions; things; something; quality
nimble; agile; quick; quick (thinking); smart; alert
-ness; indicates assertion; come; come now
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
snoring; growling (low rumbling sound)
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
where; which; anyway; anyhow; sooner or later; eventually
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to use (a thing, method, etc.); to make use of; to use (a person, animal, puppet, etc.); to employ; to use (time, money, etc.); to spend
joint; knuckle; tune; melody; knot (in wood); node in a bamboo stem
again; once more; a second time
appearance; arrival; make one's appearance
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)
hard fight; close game; struggle; tight contest
but; however; (and) yet; nevertheless; still; for all that
island; one's territory (e.g. of a sex worker, organized crime gang); one's turf
pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to save; to rescue; to help; to assist; to support (financially); to contribute (to)
to throw down; to bring down; to kill; to defeat; to overthrow; to trip up
to take back; to regain; to get back; to recover
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
to guide; to lead; to show the way; to derive; to deduce
to study (in depth); to learn; to take lessons in
hut; house; boarding house; school dormitory; (arch.) one day's march (approx. 12.2 km)
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win