Common Era; CE; Christian Era; Western (Gregorian) calendar
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
if; when; and; as well as; with; together with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
battle; war; fight (against time, poverty, etc.); struggle (for freedom, survival, etc.); contest; competition
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to be defeated; to be beaten; to be unsuccessful; to lose
to go to ruin; to go under; to fall; to be destroyed; to die out; to become extinct
to go; to move (towards); to move through; to travel across; to go (well, badly, etc.); to proceed; to do (in a particular way)
to try to ...; to be about to do ...; to decide to ...; to take as; to treat as; to use for; to suppose that (such) is the case
downfall; ruin; collapse; destruction
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
(ancient) Japan; Yamato kingdom; Yamato (former province located in present-day Nara Prefecture); Yamato (battleship)
hope; wish; aspiration; (bright) prospects; expectation
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to want; to wish for; to request; to demand; to seek; to search for
10,000; ten thousand; myriad; everything; all; (arch.) various
8000; eight thousand; many
beyond; across; the other side; the distance
to turn (towards); to face; to head to; to go towards; to allot; to allocate
to begin a trip; to depart; to embark; to die; to pass away; to depart this life
leader; guide; mentor; coach
supreme ruler; generalissimo; president (of Taiwan); führer; fuehrer
veteran (e.g. soldier); battle-hardened; seasoned; (of) long military service
commander; commanding officer; CO
subjugation (using military force); suppression; subduing
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
Milky Way galaxy; Milky Way; the Galaxy; galactic system; galaxy
to send; to direct; to dispatch (person, car, etc.); to direct (attention); to turn (spotlight, etc. on)
is that so?; I see; right; oh
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also
-ian (e.g. Italian); -ite (e.g. Tokyoite); -er (e.g. performer, etc.); person working with ...; man; person
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to get on (train, plane, bus, ship, etc.); to get in; to get on (e.g. a footstool); to step on; to reach; to go over; to follow
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
death; (an) out; death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation; most severe of the five ritsuryō punishments)
to stake; to risk; to bet; to wager