here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
yes?; no?; isn't it?; is it?
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
yes; that is correct; understood; I see; present; here; pardon?
defeat; loss; failing to live up to (one's name, looks, etc.); discount; loss (on a sale)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
tool; means; ingredients (added to soup, rice, etc.); counter for sets of armor, utensils, furniture, etc.
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
privilege; special favor; special favour; benefit; prerogative; perk
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
hm; um; huh?; what?; nuh-uh; no
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
wow!; oh!; yeah!; alright!; waah!; boohoo!
terrible; dreadful; amazing (e.g. of strength); great (e.g. of skills); to a great extent; vast (in numbers)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
I'm sorry; my apologies; may I come in?; permission; leave; dismissal
Shikoku (smallest of the four main islands of Japan)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then