to cover; to hide; to conceal; to wrap; to disguise
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
normal temperature; room temperature; constant temperature; fixed temperature
outbreak; spring forth; generation (e.g. of power or heat); genesis; ontogeny; development of complex multicellular structures from cell(s) in a simple state
equipment; device; installation; stage setting
action; movements; motions; bearing; behaviour; behavior
question (e.g. on a test); problem; problem (e.g. societal, political); question; question (i.e. doubt); public discussion
without; unacceptable; not alright; unsatisfactory
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
stage; step; level; rank; order; stairs
clear; clearing (a bar, hurdle, etc.); overcoming; getting through; clearing (the ball); clearing (e.g. a checked box)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; that is correct; um; errr; huh?; grrr
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
yes; indeed; ha!; what?; huh?; sigh
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
what; how many; many; a lot of; several; a few
life; living; I; me; student
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
class (of students); group (of people); party; lot; bunch; crime family; organized-crime syndicate
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
same; identical; equal; anyway; anyhow; in either case
department; section; course (of study); branch of study; (taxonomical) family
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
thousand years; many years
something broad and flat; common; ordinary; low-ranking employee; freshman
river; stream; River; the ... river
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
radio (communication); wireless; not using wires
equation; formula; ceremony; style; (arch.) enforcement regulations (of the ritsuryo)
it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as