jpdb beta

semifinal

6

indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis

69

regrettable; unfortunate; disappointing; vexing

1

was

1

right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?

26

last year

5

Alice band; (horseshoe-shaped) headband (worn over the forehead); hairband

9

pluralizing suffix (esp. for people and animals; formerly honorific)

1

indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...

26

to win; to gain victory

9

place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point

1

at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of

51

to lose; to be defeated; to give in (to); to yield; to be inferior (to); to be second (to)

6

things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that

2

victory depends on the turn of fortune; winning and losing are both down to luck

1

called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...

1

it seems; I think; I guess; right?; don't you agree?

3

please; kindly; by all means; certainly; here you are; to give

3

thank you; thanks

4

no; you're welcome; not at all; don't mention it

2

to differ (from); to be different; to be wrong; to be incorrect; to become abnormal; to go wrong

1

indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question

80

jam

1

inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during

2

to put in; to let in; to admit; to accept; to accept; to comply; to include

5

yes; yeah; huh?; what?; 's; of

6

is not; am not; are not; isn't it?

5

to lick; to lap; to taste; to experience (esp. a hardship); to underestimate; to make light of

1

while; during; while; although; all; both

2

black tea

2

indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.

32

to drink; to swallow; to smoke (tobacco); to swallow up; to engulf; to suppress (one's anger, bitter feelings, etc.); to keep down

3

hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo

35

to be attached; to be connected with; to remain imprinted; to scar; to bear (fruit, interest, etc.); to be acquired (of a habit, ability, etc.); to increase (of strength, etc.)

2

extra; more; unnecessary; needless; all the more; even more

1

thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work

10

to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise

12

too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as

31

next; following; subsequent; stage; station

5

and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless

1

surplus; margin; leeway; composure; placidity; complacency

1

be; is

17

indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!

11

practice; training; drill; (an) exercise; workout

3

good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial

10

the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...

15

fuel

1

wasteful; a waste; too good; more than one deserves; impious; profane

1

companion; partner; other party; addressee; opponent (sports, etc.)

6

to hear; to listen (e.g. to music); to ask; to enquire; to hear about; to hear of; to follow (advice, order, etc.)

4