indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
selection; choice; picking out
origin; source; base; basis; cause; ingredient; material
war; battle; match; game; competition
first; foremost; most important; best; greatest; above all
match; game; bout; contest
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
player (of a sport); athlete; team member
vocabulary; lexicon; lexis; terminology
aaah!; oooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
aah!; ooh!; oh no!; oh boy!
to lose; to be defeated; to succumb; to give in; to be inferior to; to break out in a rash due to (e.g. lacquer, shaving, etc.)
just because; even if; even though
to see; to look; to examine; to look over; to look after; to attend to; to experience
eh?; what?; yes; that's correct; (arch.) strengthens a question, assertion, etc.; (arch.) hey
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
look!; look out!; hey!; look at me!; there you are!
to stand; to rise; to find oneself (e.g. in a difficult position); to depart (on a plane, train, etc.)
existing (at the present moment); alright; acceptable; to be (usu. of inanimate objects); to have
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
ten best people (in a particular field)
dispute; strife; quarrel; dissension; conflict; rivalry
(a) step; one step; level; stage; small degree; small amount
lead; leading; lead (of a newspaper, etc.); lede; lead (wire); lead (e.g. dog); leash
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
place; spot; address; district; area; one's house; point
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
great; excellent; very troublesome; awful; tiring; tough
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
receiving; reception; eating; drinking; please; please do for me
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
to put; to place; to leave (behind); to establish (an organization, a facility, a position, etc.); to set up; to appoint (someone to a certain position); to hire
as is; as it is; as things are; like this; this way; at this rate
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
far; distant; distant (past); remote (in time); distant (relationship or kinship); having little to do (with someone); far (from something else in quality, degree, etc.)