collaborator; cooperator; coworker; ally
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
you; you bastard; you son of a bitch; (arch.) you
homeland; motherland; fatherland; native country
at; in; to; toward; to; for; because of
to sell; to betray; to sell out (one's friend, country, etc.); to make (oneself) known; to establish (a reputation) for oneself; to pick (a fight, quarrel, etc.)
already; now; no longer; not any more
also; too; not ... either; (it's not possible) no matter what; although one might wish otherwise
to be loyal to; to serve; to offer allegiance
necessary; needed; essential; necessity; need; requirement
nonexistent; not being (there); unowned; not had; unique; not; impossible
to know; to be aware (of); to sense; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
to talk; to speak; to tell; to explain; to speak (a language)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at; in; at; when; by; with; so
comfort; ease; easy; simple; (economically) comfortable; raku pottery
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre
fellow; guy; thing; object; he; she
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
that's the way it is; yes; is that so?; is it?
don't you think?; indicates question
certain; sure; no doubt; reliable; dependable
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; indicates a confident conclusion; indicates emotional emphasis; indicates question
live coals (for firelighting); cause (of disturbance, conflict, etc.); trigger
indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; but; however; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ...
to smoke; to smoulder; to be sooty; to be smoke-stained; to smoulder (e.g. a dispute); to smolder
Shōwa era (1926.12.25-1989.1.7); reminiscent of the Shōwa era; Shōwa-nostalgic; old-fashioned
year; counter for years (e.g. of an era), grades (e.g. school); period of an apprentice's contract (usu. ten years)
(in) secrecy; behind closed doors
training; education; development; cultivation
establishment; founding; incorporation (of a business)
severe; harsh; hard; cruel; rigorous