one person; being alone; being by oneself; being single; being unmarried; by oneself
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
soon; shortly; before long; nearly; almost
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; the; part (as in "part two"); um ...; er ...
death; decease; (arch.) death penalty (by strangulation or decapitation); (an) out
everything; all; the whole; entirely; completely; wholly
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
stone; jewel; precious stone; flint (in a lighter); stone (in go); stone (in the bladder, kidney etc.); calculus
to roll; to tumble; to fall over; to roll over; to lie down; to be scattered about; to be lying around
to start; to begin; to start up (a business, society, etc.); to open (e.g. a store); to start ...; to begin to ...
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
how; in what way; how about
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to teach; to instruct; to tell; to inform; to preach
please (give me); please (do for me)
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
box; case; car (of a train, etc.); shamisen case; shamisen; public building; community building
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
preparation; arrangements; provision; getting ready; laying out (e.g. a meal)
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to float; to set afloat; to show on one's face (smile, sadness, etc.); to recall; to call to mind
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
counter for small animals; counter for rolls of cloth (two han in size); (arch.) counter for horses; roll of cloth
Japanese hare (Lepus brachyurus); wild rabbit
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to touch; to come in contact with; to receive (e.g. visitor); to attend to; to receive (news); to get; to encounter
foot (of a mountain or hill); bottom; base
to set up (a house, store, etc.); to build; to have at the ready (e.g. a gun); to hold in preparation (e.g. a camera); to adopt a posture; to assume a stance; to put on an air
Saint; St.; S.; sacred; holy; pure