to hold out (e.g. against an attack); to hang on; to withstand; to endure; to last
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
the heavens; the skies; celestial sphere; heavenly realm; deva realm
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
reinforcement (e.g. of troops)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
(fixing) boundaries for religious practices; prohibition (of items, people, spirits, etc. that would hinder Buddhist practice); fence between inner and outer sanctums in a temple; (arch.) short two or three-fold lattice around the front desk of a store; barrier; dimensional barrier
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
maintenance; preservation; improvement
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
revival (e.g. musical); come-back; restoration; rebirth; resurrection
sign; indication; omen; symptom
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
this; this one; this person; now; this point (in time); here; used to stress the subject of a sentence
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
god; deity; incredible; fantastic; (arch.) Emperor (of Japan); (arch.) thunder
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
devil; demon; Satan; the Devil; Māra; evil spirits or forces that hinder one's path to enlightenment
to endure; to keep out (e.g. rain); to pull through; to get over; to surpass; to outdo
force; strength; capability; ability; efficacy; effect; effort
(unlikely event of) emergency; the worst(-case scenario); (lit.) 10000 to 1; (if) by some chance; by some possibility; in the unlikely event that
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
to wake up; to awake; to awaken to (instinct, ability, perception, etc.); to become aware of; to come to one's senses
like; similar to; (I) think (that); (I) have a feeling (that); feels like; feels similar to
situation; (present) state of affairs; circumstances
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
the world; society; sphere; circle; world-renowned; world-famous
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
serious; not joking; straight
sentence-ending particle expressing doubt
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
to watch steadily; to stare
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
and the like; such as; or something; something like; I hear that ...; people say that...
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
a short while ago; a moment ago; just now; some time ago
goblin; apparition; monster; ghost; phantom; spectre