thank you for the meal; that was a delicious meal; what a wonderful meal
one's nature; one's destiny; custom; tradition; habit
river; stream; River; the ... river
step; stride; counter for steps
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
examination; quiz; test; tryout; rehearsal (in filming)
study; diligence; discount; reduction
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
speaking of ...; when it comes to ...; as for ...; if one were to say ...
results; record; grades; marks
bad; poor; poor (quality); inferior; evil; sinful; ugly
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
summer vacation; summer holiday
to be lost (e.g. luggage); to be missing; to be used up; to be run out; to disappear (e.g. pain); to be lost (e.g. a dream, confidence)
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
talk; speech; topic; subject; discussions; negotiation; rumor
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
pardon; forgiveness; forbearance
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
demon; devil; evil spirit; -crazed person; -obsessed person; fiend
clothing; dressing; binding (of a book)
little girl; maiden; young lady; (arch.) female between 17 and 20 years old (ritsuryo period)
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
in this way; thus; such; uh...
whirling; revolving; coiling around; winding around; working tirelessly; working hard