Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
until (a time); till; to (a place or person); as far as; to (an extent); up to
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
club activities; extracurricular activities
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to continue; to last; to continue (without a break); to be unbroken; to occur again and again; to lead to; to connect to
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
conclusive evidence; positive proof; definite proof; confirmation
to get; to earn; to understand; to comprehend; to receive something undesirable (e.g. a punishment); to get (ill)
national convention; national competition; national athletic meet
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
performance; take; game; season; penetrative vaginal sex (with a prostitute); unsimulated sex (in an adult movie)
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to leave; to exit; to leave (on a journey); to depart; to move forward; to come to; to get to
to receive; to take; to get somebody to do something; to have in one's pocket (a fight, match); to contract (a disease); to catch
to decide to; to pretend that; to make a practice of doing; to make it a rule to
suffix for familiar person
senior (at work or school); superior; elder; older graduate; progenitor; old-timer
too; also; still; as before; even so; either way
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
anxiety; uneasiness; worry; apprehension; fear; insecurity
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
such; that sort of; that kind of; no way!; never!
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
since when; from when; how long
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
immediately; at once; soon; before long; easily; readily
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
how; in what way; how about
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
depending on; as soon as; immediately after; as (e.g. "as one is told", "as one wishes"); whatever (e.g. "whatever is at hand"); order; program
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo