opposite; opposition; versus; vs.; to (e.g. "winning a game five to three"); equal footing
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
more and more; all the more; at last; finally; (at the) last moment; worst possible time
start; commencement; beginning; initiation
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
what's the matter?; what's wrong?
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
a little; a bit; just a minute; for a moment; somewhat; rather; (not) easily
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
battle; fight; war; struggle; conflict
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
vague; obscure; indistinct; hazy; ambiguous
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to factor in; to take into account; to include in one's considerations
superiority; superior power; predominance; preponderance
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
should (be); bound (to be); nock (of a bow); nock (of an arrow); nock-shaped grip (between thumb and forefinger); wooden frame on the tip of the mast of a Japanese ship that prevents the hawser from falling out
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to find out; to discover; to select; to pick out; to look out (from the inside); to be wide-eyed (in surprise, anger, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
two persons; two people; pair; couple
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
victory; triumph; conquest; success; win
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
district; section; sector
preliminary contest; qualifying round; trial; heat; primary
Japanese representative; Japanese delegate; Japanese delegation