indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
wonderful; marvelous; strange; strangely enough; oddly enough; for some reason
boy; juvenile; young boy; youth; lad
counter for occurrences; a time; an instance; inning (baseball); round; episode; chapter
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet (by chance); to come across; to meet (e.g. of rivers, highways, etc.); to emerge and engage (an enemy)
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to chase; to run after; to follow (a set order, a trend, etc.); to drive out; to get rid of; to drive (e.g. a herd)
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to protect; to guard; to defend; to keep (i.e. a promise); to abide (by the rules); to observe
to do; to undertake; to send; to dispatch; to put; to move; to give (esp. to someone of equal or lower status)
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
meeting; assembly; party; society; association; club
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
ghost; apparition; phantom; spectre; specter; demon
only; just; merely; as much as; to the extent of; enough to
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
that child; that kid; that boy; (arch.) you
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to approach; to draw near; to get close; to get acquainted with; to get closer to; to get to know
had better ...; had better not ...
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
normal; ordinary; normally; ordinarily; local train; train that stops at every station
human being; human; person; character (of a person)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
extent; degree; limit; bounds; (span of) time; (a) distance; the state of
strong interaction; strong force
to hold (in one's hand); to take; to possess; to have; to maintain; to keep; to last
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
extermination (e.g. of pests, demons, bandits); elimination; making someone renounce worldly desires in order to concentrate on Buddha's teachings; curing illness
good; advantage; sake; purpose; consequence; result
to come (spatially or temporally); to approach; to come back; to do ... and come back; to come to be; to become
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates supposition; if ... then; when; (typically after someone's name) indicates exasperation