one flower; single flower; success; prosperity
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
time; hour; period; class
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to get up; to rise; to wake up; to be awake; to occur (usu. of unfavourable incidents); to happen
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
unusual; rare; new; novel; fine (e.g. gift)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
last (on the list); (at the) bottom; (in) last position; tailender
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
before one knows; before one becomes aware of; unnoticed; unawares
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to search for; to look for; to hunt for; to search (a house, pocket, etc.); to search through; to rummage in (e.g. a drawer)
to go; to move (in a direction or towards a specific location); to proceed; to take place; to pass through; to come and go; to walk
end; finish; bounds; limits; delivery date (of a futures contract); finale (of a noh song); end of an act (in jōruri or kabuki)
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
come; come now; well; who knows; well now; let's see
still; as yet; (not) yet; more; (more) still; at least
to sleep (lying down); to go to bed; to lie in bed; to lie down; to sleep (with someone, i.e. have intercourse); to lie flat (e.g. of hair); to lie idle (of funds, stock, etc.)
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
to stay at (e.g. hotel); to be docked; to be berthed; to be moored
just (e.g. "just wait here"); come now; tolerably; passably; well...; I think...
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
behind; rear; after; later; remainder; the rest; more (e.g. five more minutes)
small quantity; little; little while; short distance
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
study; diligence; discount; reduction
participation; joining; entry; adherence
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
unexpectedly; surprisingly; unexpected; unanticipated; unforeseen