in short; in a word; to sum up; to put it simply; to make a long story short; after all
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to be lucky; to be in luck; to be attached; to have; to be included
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
after all; in the end; conclusion; end; end of a game of go, shogi, etc.
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
organ (of body, plant, etc.)
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
picking out; taking out; (surgical) removal; exposure
you; buddy; monarch; ruler; he; she
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
inside; interior; among; within; middle; center; during
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
transplanting (a plant); transplant; transplantation (of an organ, tissue, etc.); transplant; embryo transfer; embryo transplant
aspiration; volunteering; desire; application
(common) soldier; rank and file; army; troops; warfare; strategy
as (i.e. in the role of); for (i.e. from the viewpoint of); apart from... (used to change the topic); even (e.g. "not even a single person"); thinking that...; trying to...
aptitude; aptness; suitability
to recognize; to recognise; to deem; to judge; to approve; to deem acceptable; to admit
Your Majesty; His Majesty; Her Majesty
that; that thing; that person; then; that time; that place (over there); down there (i.e. one's genitals)
to raise; to rear; to train; to teach; to promote the growth of; to nurture
to give; to let (one) have; to give; to do for one; to take the trouble to do; to do to someone's disadvantage
person; someone; human beings; mankind; human (Homo sapiens); (other) people; others
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to die; to pass away; to lose spirit; to lose vigor; to cease; to stop
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to give birth; to bear (child); to lay (eggs); to produce; to yield; to give rise to
day; days; sun; sunshine; (the) day; daytime; date
disaster; calamity; misfortune; trouble; woes
child; kid; (one's) child; offspring; young (animal); young woman; offshoot
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
to be affected; to be influenced; to be concerned with; to have to do with; to stick to (opinions)
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
unhappiness; sorrow; misfortune; death (usu. of a relative); bereavement