abundant (grain) crop; good harvest
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
head (of a household); proprietor (of a store); proprietress; (arch.) entertaining someone as one's guest
sky; heaven; God; svarga (heaven-like realm visited as a stage of death and rebirth); deva (divine being of Buddhism); top (of a book); sole (of a Japanese sandal)
mistress (of the house); hostess; landlady; proprietress
lion; left-hand guardian dog at a Shinto shrine
to bark; to howl; to howl (e.g. of the wind); to roar; to yell; to cry
friend; ally; supporter; taking sides with; supporting; standing by
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
I; me; oneself; (arch.) you; (arch.) prefix indicating familiarity or contempt
suffering; distress; hardship; trial
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to rescue from; to help out of; to save
brightness; brilliance; brilliancy; radiance; glitter
to bestow (esp. of a god); to grant
oh!; good heavens!; ugh!; oh no!; ah!; the penny drops!
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
to grant (a request); to accept; to hear (a prayer); to comply with (a demand)
having done ... by mistake; having messed up ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
honorific/polite/humble prefix
to wait; to await; to look forward to; to depend on; to need
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
to be (animate); to be; to be ..ing; to (have the audacity to) do
legendary beast; magical beast
injury; harm; evil influence; damage
than; from; out of; except; but; more
please; somehow or other; one way or another
please (give me); please (do for me)
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
to raise; to elevate; to do up (one's hair); to fly (a kite, etc.); to launch (fireworks, etc.); to land (a boat); to deep-fry
indicates emotion or admiration; indicates emphasis; I; me; wah!; boo!
line of defence (defense); lines (as in enemy lines, etc.)
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
rate; ratio; proportion; percentage
rate; ratio; profit; assignment; 10%; unit of ten percent; match
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to support; to prop; to sustain; to hold at bay; to stem; to check
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
bow and arrow; weapon; arms
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
medical and pharmaceutical products; medicinal supplies; drugs; pharmaceuticals; medicine