to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
feeling refreshed; feeling relieved; neat; tidy; frank; open-hearted; completely
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
conclusion from reasoning, judgement or calculation based on something read or heard; reason; cause; meaning; circumstances; situation
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
association of like-minded people
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to enter; to go into; to break into; to join; to enroll; to contain; to hold
first time; first; initial
championship; title (of champion)
overall victory; championship
popularity; public favor; condition (e.g. market); tone; character
(establishing a) big lead; (winning by a) huge margin; breaking away (from the field)
red earth (i.e. containing cinnabar or minium); vermilion
raw; uncooked; natural; as it is; unprotected (sex); live (i.e. not recorded); inexperienced
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
adds force or indicates command
meaning; significance; sense
by no means; never!; something unexpected; emergency; (arch.) currently; (arch.) for the time being
truth; reality; proper; right; genuine; authentic
black magic; sorcery; magic tricks; juggling
interest (in something); curiosity (about something); zest (for)
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
certainly; of course; even if; no matter (who, what, when, where, why, how); without even; without so much as; at the (least, earliest, etc.)
sleeping during the day; (afternoon) nap; siesta
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
honorific/polite/humble prefix; honorific suffix
trouble; bother; trouble; difficulty; care; attention
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
to weigh on one's mind; to bother one; to be interested (in); to be curious (about); to feel like (doing); to feel inclined to
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
to be aware of; to know; to notice; to feel; to understand; to comprehend; to remember
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis