rock (in rock-paper-scissors); stone; ungh; gulp; rumbling (of an empty stomach); growling
(some) more; even more; longer; further
slowly; unhurriedly; easily (e.g. in time); well; well (e.g. sleep); comfortably
to run; to run (of a vehicle); to drive; to rush (to); to dash; to retreat; to flee
to become; to get; to result in; to turn out; to consist of; to be composed of; to be completed
although; despite; whereas; while; if only; I wish
immediately; as soon as possible; as quickly as possible
honorific/polite/humble prefix
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to catch up (with); to draw level; to pull even; to be compensated; to make up for one's losses
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
is not; am not; are not; isn't it?
endorsing and questioning the preceding statement; lamenting reflections on the preceding statement
that is so; that is right; it looks to me; people say that; it is said that; I hear that
fast; quick; early (in the day, etc.); premature; (too) soon; not yet
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
slope; incline; hill; milestone; (age) mark
this; last (couple of years, etc.); these; you (as in "you liar")
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
burden; load (e.g. CPU time, electricity, etc.)
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to take (a resource, e.g. time or money); to hang; to come into view; to arrive; to come under (a contract, a tax); to start (engines, motors); to attend
to pass through; to pass by; to pass (of time); to elapse; to have expired; to have ended; to exceed
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
specialist; expert; professional; authority; pundit
(someone else's) daughter
suffix for familiar person
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
if; in case; as for; on the topic of; if that's the case; if so
direction; way; side (of an argument, etc.); one's part; type; category; field (of study, etc.)
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
nicely; properly; frequently; often; I'm glad that you ...; thank you for ...
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!