long (distance, length); long (time); protracted; prolonged
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
finally; at last; barely; narrowly; gradually; little by little
to end; to come to an end; to close; to finish
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
hmm; well ...; humph; roughly; harshly; violently
at last; finally; barely; narrowly; just
clear one's name; redeem oneself; clear (vindicate) one's honor (reputation)
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
to visit; to call on; to arrive (season, time, situation, etc.); to come; (arch.) to make a sound; (arch.) to send a letter
called; named; as many as; as much as; all ...; every single ...
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
here; this place; this point; here; these past ... (e.g. three years); these last ...
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
everyone; everybody; all; everything; all
where; what place; how much (long, far); what extent
excuse me; pardon me; I'm sorry; thank you
ah!; oh!; yes; indeed; aah; gah
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
this sort of; this kind of; like this; such
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
please (give me); please (do for me)
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...
safe; secure; certainly; surely; no thanks; I'm good
to have a nightmare; to make a noise during a nightmare
too; also; both A and B; A as well as B; even; as much as
safety; security; safely; without incident; good health; inaction
what's the matter?; what's wrong?; what happened (to) ...?; what have you done (with) ...?; where is ...?
something; some; somehow; for some reason; (is there) something (you want, etc.)
scary; frightening; eerie; dreadful
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...