indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
hot (thing); passionate (feelings, etc.); ardent; hot (e.g. temper); zealous; enthusiastic; intense
right?; isn't it?; hey; say; you know; you see; will you?
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
and; and then; thus; and now; and finally
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
memories; recollections; reminiscence
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
to make; to produce; to prepare (food); to brew (alcohol); to raise; to grow; to till
most; highest; maximum; best; wonderful; finest
it is assuredly that ...; can say with confidence that ...; did not ...
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
Mr.; Mrs.; Miss; politeness marker
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
Mr.; Mrs.; makes a word more polite (usu. in fixed expressions); state; situation
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to call out (to); to call; to summon (a doctor, etc.); to invite; to designate; to name; to garner (support, etc.)
why?; what for?; how?; by what means?
miko; shrine maiden; young girl or woman (trad. an unmarried virgin) who assists priests at shrines; medium; sorceress; shamaness
figure; form; appearance; dress; state; condition
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
height of; middle of; full bloom
such (about the actions of the listener, or about ideas expressed or understood by the listener); like that; that sort of
may; might; perhaps; may be; possibly
somehow; how; in what way; why; what kind of
so; like this; in this way
to worry about; to be worried about; to fret about; to not know what to do; to be at a loss (as to what to do)
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
that; it; then; that point (in time); (arch.) there; (arch.) you
as expected; sure enough; after all (is said and done); in the end; too; also