existence; possession; having; limited company
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...
summer vacation; summer holiday
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
indicates reason or excuse; indicates dissatisfaction; indicates desire to be pampered or indulged
natural; reasonable; obvious; usual; common; ordinary
it is, isn't it?; I know, right?; innit?
but; however; even; however; no matter how; ... or something; either ... or ...
now; soon; already; yet; further; more
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
to be (of animate objects); to exist; to stay; to be ...-ing; to have been ...-ing
goodbye; so long; saying goodbye to (e.g. life as a bachelor); putting an end to; farewell (performance, party, etc.); final
time; hour; occasion; case; chance; opportunity
if; when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); promoted pawn; indicates a question
to meet; to encounter; to see; to have an accident; to have a bad experience
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
indicates sentence topic; indicates contrast with another option (stated or unstated); adds emphasis
for the first time; only after ... is it ...; only when ... do you ...; first time; (one's) first
and; besides; because; since; the thing is; for one thing
now; the present time; just now; another; more
firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
to associate with; to keep company with; to go out with; to go along with; to follow someone's lead; to accompany someone
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
after all; because; but; even; too; as well
to say; to utter; to name; to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"); to make a noise
(what) the heck; (why) in the world; one object; one body; one form; one style
what kind of; what sort of; what; no matter what (kind of); whatever; any
face; visage; look; expression; honor; honour
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
indicates a question; or; whether or not; some- (e.g. something, someone); hmm; huh; very
to understand; to comprehend; to become clear; to be known; I know!; I think so too!
hey; you; hey; hey; hold on; yo
so; therefore; accordingly; like I said; I told you already
don't; do; hey; listen; now, ...; well, ...
to think; to consider; to think (of doing); to plan (to do); to judge; to assess; to imagine
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
to be surprised; to be astonished