firefly (Luciola cruciata); lightning bug; glowworm
indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
chest; breast; breasts; bosom; heart; lungs; stomach
at; in; at; when; by; with; and then
in that way; like that; that way
to cry; to weep; to sob; to howl
to finish; to stop; to close (a business, etc.); to close down; to put away; to put back
things like; something like; someone like; such a thing as; (the fact) that; to think that
how; in what way; why; for what reason; cannot possibly; no way
to that extent; to that degree; so much; so
yes; yeah; huh?; what?; not; 's
seems; I think; I guess; don't you agree?; I thought you'd say that!
now; the present time; just now; another; more
unreasonable; unnatural; impossible; forcible; forced; excessive (work, etc.); immoderate
indicates sentence subject (occasionally object); indicates possessive (esp. in literary expressions); but; however; regardless of; whether (or not)
be; is; did; (have) done; please; do
now that you mention it; come to think of it; that reminds me; on that subject; speaking of which
to disappear (of people or animals); to go (away); to leave; to no longer exist
from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity); since; from (originator); by; because; since; out of (constituent, part)
from the bottom of one's heart; heartily; sincerely
to laugh; to smile; to sneer; to ridicule; to be dumbfounded; to be flabbergasted
to do; to carry out; to cause to become; to make (into); to serve as; to act as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.)
thing; matter; incident; occurrence; circumstances; situation; work
you said; he said; if ... then; do you seriously think that; I already told you; you should know by now that; the said ...
to be; to exist; to have; to be located; to be equipped with; to happen
I wonder; should I?; is it?; I wish that; I hope that
continuously in some state (for a long time, distance); throughout; much (better, etc.); by far; far away; long ago
deep down; special place in one's heart; in the back of one's mind
to strain; to stretch; to string up; to cover over (e.g. with tiles, ice, etc.)
and yet; despite this; but even so; but even then; however; nevertheless
to; for; in order to; for; as for; regarding
myself; yourself; I; me; you
emotion; feeling; feelings; sentiment
indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
obedient; meek; docile; honest; frank; upfront (about one's feelings)
at (place, time); in; to (direction, state); toward; for (purpose); because of (reason); for
to take out; to get out; to put out; to reveal; to submit (e.g. thesis); to turn in; to publish
to be able (to); to be possible (to)
existence; possession; having; limited company
yes; yeah; hum; hmmm; oof
what; you-know-what; that thing; whatsit; whachamacallit; (not) at all; (not) in the slightest
will; intent; desire; will; testament
no; nay; well; er; you're welcome; not at all
good; excellent; sufficient; enough; profitable (deal, business offer, etc.); beneficial
the expectation is that ...; the reason is that ...; the fact is that ...; the explanation is that ...; it is that ...